局部振動介入與運動後肌肉硬度變化之探討

The effect of local vibration intervention on post-exercise muscle stiffness changes

阻力訓練以及高強度耐力運動後常見肌肉硬度上升，易造成關節活動度下降；而運動前的肌肉硬度越高，也會增加運動後的延遲性肌肉痠痛感以及肌肉損傷，因此實務上會採用許多方法降低肌肉硬度。一般常見許多暖身與緩和的方式，如動態伸展、靜態伸展和滾筒按摩都可以用來降低肌肉硬度。振動介入也是促進運動後恢復與降低肌肉硬度的手段，其中又以局部振動介入降低肌肉硬度的效果較佳，然而目前相關的文獻整理較少。故本文針對目前以局部振動介入對運動後肌肉硬度影響的研究，進行文獻分析。結果顯示，多篇研究中都發現局部振動介入能有效降低肌肉硬度，至於影響振動介入效果的變因，除了已知的頻率、振幅和時間之外，尚有其他因素如關節擺放位置、接觸面大小以及額外施加之壓力等變項未能涵蓋。未來研究應該納入這些面向進行實驗設計，以求更精準有效之局部振動介入方式，降低運動後肌肉硬度。

Muscle stiffness often increases after resistance exercise and high intensity endurance training, resulting in a reduction of joint mobility. In addition, delay onset muscle soreness and muscle damage typically occur with an increase of muscle stiffness. There are many strategies to reduce muscle stiffness, such as dynamic stretching, static stretching, and foam roller massage. Vibration intervention is also the alternative to reduce muscle stiffness, especially local vibration that has been shown to be more effective compared with other types of vibration. In this article, we reviewed the most recent original investigations on local vibration intervention and muscle stiffness changes. Our results, in most of the studies included, showed that local vibration intervention could be an effective means to reduce muscle stiffness. Previous studies indicated that frequency, amplitude, acceleration and vibration time might be variables that determine the effects of local vibration on muscle stiffness. We also suggested that there might be other factors such as the joint position during vibration, contact area of the vibration, and the additional pressure apply on target muscle might also confound the effects of local vibration on muscle stiffness. Future studies investigating the effects of local vibration intervention on muscle stiffness by including these variables are warranted.