俞源村「太極圖式」大地景觀之宇宙觀精神

The Universal Spirit in the Landscape Resembling “Taiji Diagram＂ of Yuyuan Village

中國自古以來就有「崇尚自然」、「象天法地」的人居空間景觀設計觀念，俞源村是中國南方保存完整的山水聚落，整個村落以山、水、建築為材料模擬「星象」設計聚落景觀。村落內外佈局象徵天空中星象位置，村口的太極河結合山水、田野輪廓而設計成「S」形「太極圖式」大地景觀，突出了中國古人追求「天人合一」的「宇宙觀」精神。本文通過文獻研究法、實地考察法及內容分析法對俞源村大地景觀的空間模式、事件模式及精神文化進行整體研究。目的是為了發掘以山水作為創造媒體、以星象佈局作為準則的文化景觀設計方法，中國文化景觀創新提供參考價值。

Since ancient times, China has the design philosophies integrating human residential space with landscape like 'appreciating the nature' and 'following astronomical phenomena'. Yuyuan Village is a well-preserved settlement in southern China. The design of the whole village used mountains, rivers, and buildings as materials to simulate 'astrological position'. The layout inside and outside of the village symbolizes astronomical position in the sky. Taiji River at the entrance to the village, together with mountains and fields, form the landscape resembling the 'S' shape of 'Taiji Diagram', highlighting the 'universal spirit' of the ancient Chinese in pursuit of the 'theory that man is an integral part of nature'. Through literature review, field visit, and content analysis, this paper comprehensively studied the spatial model, event model, and spiritual culture embedded in the landscape of Yuyuan Village so as to explore the design methods for cultural landscape with mountains and rivers as creation media and astrological layout as guideline and serve as reference for the innovation of Chinese cultural landscape.