利用熱分析實驗與FDS電腦程式重建夜店火災情境

Reconstruction of Nightclub Fire Scene Using Thermal Analysis Experiment and Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) Program

The deadliest nightclub fire in the history of Taiwan is used as the case study in this paper with the official fire investigation report to provide confirmation of the origin and the cause of fire, while research studies from Taiwan and around the world as well as results from the thermal analysis experiment on the soundproof foam provide the input data for the computer simulation. The latest Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) program is used to reconstruct the nightclub fire scene and to obtain the changes occurred in fire hazard factors such as visibility, carbon monoxide concentration and oxygen concentration. The causes and location of death for the nine victims are also analyzed to cross compare with the autopsy report. Finally, recommendations are made on the emergency egress time for entertainment establishments such as nightclubs based on the computer simulation and other literatures as reference for fire safety strategies for nightclubs. 本文以台灣傷亡最嚴重的夜店火災事件為案例，參照官方的火災調查報告書，確認起火點的位置與原因，引用國內、外文獻成果，及本研究的隔音泡棉之熱分析試驗結果，作為電腦模擬的輸入參數。再以最新版的FDS（Fire Dynamics Simulator）電腦模擬程式，重建該夜店火災情境，獲得能見度、CO濃度、氧氣濃度等火災危害因子之變化情形。並且分析9位罹難者的死亡原因、位置等，再與驗屍報告，予以比對。最後，根據前述電腦模擬與其他文獻研究結果，建議夜店等娛樂場所的緊急避難時間，作為夜店火災防範對策之參考。