建構臺灣社區預防毒品施用家庭技巧訓練方案實施指南之研究

Developing the Guide for Implementing Family Skills Training Programs for the Prevention of Drug Use in Taiwan Communities

為維護社區民眾健康權益及預防毒品氾濫成災，本研究遵循行政院「新世代反毒策略行動綱領」進行「預防毒品施用家庭技巧訓練方案」（Family Skills Training Programs for the Prevention of Drug Use）指南之前導性研究，並據以作為爾後擴大研究之執行基礎。本項研究透過文獻比較、專家焦點座談、德菲法等研究方法，提出研究結論如下：1.過去臺灣家庭拒毒教育方案之成員招募、課程設計等方案規劃頗具有參考與學習之價值。2.綜合文獻回顧資訊，臺灣推動社區家庭拒毒教育困境亟待克服，有關宣傳效果、家庭招募、家長配合度、教育資源稀缺等議題，皆為推動方案所需面對的重要議題。3.於推動「家庭技巧訓練方案」時，應整合社區資源推動，以利家庭招募。4.應結合臺灣本土文化調整家庭技巧訓練方案，將目標對象之特性納入方案規劃，並依照國情特性調整方案的進行工作。5.方案推動應重視過程評估，研究人員應紀錄課程進行之過程，並針對重要議題進行討論。6.方案推動應重視結果效能評估，或可考慮從選定目標族群後，設定預期成效目標後，再反推方案設計方法，較容易產出預期結果。本研究重點效益在於建構可適用於臺灣本土之「預防毒品施用家庭技巧訓練方案實施指南」，並預先規劃於2019年試行方案框架。透過如何符合科學證據本位與如何本土化之反毒教育策略探討，並提出如何結合社區衛生、教育、警政資源的初步方向，本研究認為2019年執行方向應參考聯合國「預防毒品施用家庭技巧訓練方案實施指南」架構以及本研究所提出之相關研究成果作為未來規劃與執行之策略框架，並依實際經驗進行評估、調整，產出具有可操作性的執行方案，並藉此擴張研究能量，從根源防治臺灣的毒品犯罪問題。 This pilot study aims to explore the feasibility of the guide to ＂Family Skills Training Programs for the Prevention of Drug Use＂ in accordance with the ＂New-Generation Strategy to Combat Drug Abuse＂ promoted by the Executive Yuan. In addition to maintaining people's rights to health and preventing drug abuse, this study also serves as a reference for filing applications to the Ministry of Justice for the funds to carry out further research projects on drug control and prevention in the future. The study adopts literature review, expert panels and Delphi Method and reaches the following conclusions. (A) Taiwan's earlier plans for the family anti-drug educational programs provide relatively valuable information on manpower recruitment and program designs to be referred to and learned from. (B) The information collected via literature review shows that the dilemmas arising from community and family anti-drug education are yet to be overcome. Promotional effects, family recruitment, parent cooperation and insufficient educational resources are some of the important issues to be dealt with upon promoting these programs. (C) Community resources should be integrated for achieving better results in family recruitment while promoting the above-mentioned ＂Family Skills Training Programs＂. (D) It's suggested that Taiwan's local culture constructs an essential part in adjusting Family Skills Training Programs. The characteristics of the target families to be covered by the programs should also be taken into consideration. The operations of the programs should be in tune with the customs and conditions in Taiwan. (E) Attention should be paid to process evaluations while promoting the training programs. Researchers can record the process of the programs and carry out discussions on important issues. (F) Performance evaluations should account for a crucial sector while promoting the training programs. On the other hand, selecting target groups and setting expected goals can actually come before the design of these training programs. By doing so, it's easier to achieve the expected results. The core of this study aims at constructing the ＂Guide to Family Skills Training Programs for the Prevention of Drug Use＂, which is practicable in Taiwan. The framework for 2019 pilot programs will also be planned in advance. In this study, the discussions will penetrate anti-drug educational strategies based on scientific evidence and the needs for localization. In addition, a preliminary direction will be proposed for how community health, education and police resources can be integrated. Based on the above mentioned, it is suggested that the ＂Guide to Implementing Family Skills Training Programmes for Drug Abuse Prevention＂ by the United Nations and the results of the research carried out by our Institute can serve as the strategic framework for future planning and implementation for the executive teams of 2019 programs. Meanwhile, evaluations and adjustments can be made based on practical experiences in order to come up with operational and feasible programs. After that, the power of research can escalate and then drug-related crimes in Taiwan can be controlled and prevented in a radical way.