非法藥物濫用行為樣態與犯罪行為關係之探究

Study on the Relationships between the Behavioral Patterns of Drugs Abuse and Crime for the Illicit Drugs Abusers

本文旨在探究非法藥物施用者的用藥行為樣態與犯罪行為的關係。相關資料取自作者整理2004、2005、2009、2010年的研究案有關非法藥物施用行為與犯罪行為之關係分析，摘述發現如下：1.非法藥物施用者主要施用非法藥物為海洛因與安非他命，且多為兩者併用的多重藥物者。女性、多重用藥者、感染HIV／愛滋施用者之初次用藥年齡顯著比男性、單一用藥、未感染HIV／愛滋施用者更早、初次吸毒與被捕年齡較早、用藥間隔時間較短。用藥後，女比男有較高的販毒盛行率，約31.6%有販毒經驗，多重用藥者更高達五成以上。男性以竊盜罪為多，女性以偽造文書罪為多、45.7%男性與15.3%女性施用者犯有暴力罪；33.3%單一用藥者、42%雙重用藥者、58.1%多重用藥者犯有暴力罪。先被捕後施用非法藥物者比先施用後被捕者與施用／被捕同時者觸犯更多毒品罪以外的其他罪名，男性尤其是暴力罪、女性則是非暴力罪。施用者愈早被逮捕、愈早使用非法藥物、賭癮愈強、施用二級違法藥物種類數愈多、用藥期間愈久，則犯下愈多的非暴力罪，此等變項能顯著解釋約7.4%非暴力罪總變異量；施用者愈早被逮捕、年齡愈大、男性、施用二級違法藥物數愈多、賭癮愈強、用藥期間愈短、工作狀況愈不穩定、用藥後社經地位愈高者，則犯下愈多的暴力罪，此等變項能顯著解釋約21.4%暴力罪總變異量。對非法藥物防治與犯罪防治的涵義亦加以討論。 The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the behavior pattern of drugs abuse and crime for the illicit drug abusers. The data adopted from those data base created by the author at 2004, 2005, 2006, 2009, and 2010. The main findings were as the followings: Majority of these samples is heroin and amphetamines poly-drug users, especially for female, and HIV/AID abusers Amphetamines, cannabis, ecstasy, FM2, Ketamine, cocaine are the most popular illicit drugs that mixed with heroin had been used. Within the male sample, 25% of them are categorized as single drug user, and 75% of them are categorized as poly-drug users; in contrast, 91.8% of female sample are categorized as poly-drug users. Female and poly-drug abusers spend more money to buy drugs. The drug abuser used to commit into the offence of larceny, forging instruments or seals, fraud, against the Controlling guns, ammunition and knives Act, embezzlement, against the Narcotics Act, stolen properties after they involved into drug abuse. About 45% of females and 25% of males involved into drug dealing. Poly-drug users are younger, earlier than those single drug users in the age of first time drug used and had been arrested. They tend to have more crime records and use more substances. There are 45.5% of male and 15.3% of female drug abusers and 58% of poly-drug users committed into the violent offence. Those for whom crime preceded drug use have more committed into those violent offence and non-violent offence. The drug abuser who had been earlier arrested, had earlier used the control drugs, had been highly addicted in gambling, used more numbers of B-class control drugs, and had longer illicit drug use history, can explain significantly about 7.4% of the variances of non-violent offence. The drug abusers who are the elder ages, are earlier arrested, their job more unstable, have higher social status, are more addicted in gambling, used more numbers of B-categorize control drugs, and they are shorter drug use interval can explain significantly about 21.4% of the variances of violent crime. The implications of this study for drug abuse and crime prevention will be discussed.