臺灣地區市售冰品之細菌污染調查

INVESTIGATION ON THE BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF THE ICY FOOD ITEMS IN THE MARKETS

鑑於偶有不衛生冰品戕害學童及國人健康的情形發生，於74年4月至6月，分別自臺灣東、北、中、南等四地區各城市鄉鎮抽購零售包裝冰品951件，檢驗其大腸桿菌屬細菌及生菌數。計大腸桿菌屬細菌陽性474件，生菌數超過衛生標準者444件。兩項任一檢出不合格者高達602件，佔63.3％。就抽購地點分，零售店、超級市場等販售冰品不合格率為61.1％，國民中、小學員生消費合作社販售冰品不合格率為71.6％；就抽購地區分，冰品檢體不合格率最高者為嘉義縣市（79.6％），最低者為臺中市，亦達46％不合格。抽購區域及冰品性質（是否含乳成份），以卡方分析及變方分析予以統計檢出率之差異，顯示其各地區市售冰品之不合格率均高。含乳成份冰品（不合格率67.4％）與不含乳成份冰品（不合格率52.2％）間卡方分析有顯著差異性，故含乳成份冰品不合格率較不含乳成份之冰品為高。而由此次調查之結果顯示，國內市售冰品受微生物污染的比率偏高，值得警惕。 The commercial icy food items collected from different area of Taiwan were investigated for their coliform bacteria and total plate count. This survey was to be used as a consumption guide for the products. Samples of 951 were collected at retail shops from the east, north, middle and south area of Taiwan from April to June in 1985. Among the 951 samples, 474 were positive reaction for the coliform bacteria test, 444 did not meet the required total plate count standard of the products, and 602, 63.3% of the total samples, did not meet the standard either of coliform bacteria or of the total plate count. The distribu tion of the under standard samples are: 61.1% from groceries and supermarkets, 71.6% from snack bars of institutional, junior and elementary school. And in terms of the collection areas of these samples, the samples from Chayi area is the worst area (79.5%) and the samples from Taichung city is the best area (46%). And in terms of them, the milk-containing and nonmilk-containing icy food items were 67.4% and 52.2% respectively. They are certainly that contamination are serious by the Chi-Distribution and the Variance Analysis. So we must to caution to the microbiological contamination of the icy food items frequently.