臺灣地區海鮮食品污染腸炎弧菌之調查研究

STUDIES ON CONTAMINATION OF VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS OF SEAFOOD IN TAIWAN

73年10月至74年9月間，由台灣地區八個濱海縣市之零售市場抽購海鮮食品檢體，總計770件，進行腸炎弧菌之檢驗。檢驗結果顯示腸炎弧菌陽性件數共有352件，占45.7％。其中魚類有62件（1.1X10meanMPN／g），生魚片23件（1.7×10°meanMPN／g），甲殼類動物之蝦類與蟹類均各52件（2.3x105meanMPN／g和2.2×105meanMPN／g），軟體動物之雙殼貝類和非雙殼貝類則分別為134件（2.8×10meanMPN／g）和29件（7.2×104meanMPN／g），而以雙殼貝類受腸炎弧菌的污染最為嚴重，蝦類和蟹類次之。根據雙方分析顯示採樣縣市，檢體種類會影響腸炎弧菌檢出百分率及菌量。在八個縣市中，由台北、宜蘭、台南、屏東等縣市所採檢體之腸炎弧菌菌量與該地當時氣溫有統計上正相關（P<0.025，P<0.01，P<0.025，P<0.05）。至於各縣市檢體之腸炎弧菌檢出百分率則與氣溫並無統計上正相關。經血清學分析，共有182株檢出血清型，而以K17出現頻率最最高（17株），其次為K19、K32（各14株）及K28（13株）；其中魚類檢出血清型41株，生魚片7株，蝦類20株，蟹類21株，雙殼貝類80株及非雙殼貝類13林。352株腸炎弧菌經Kanagawa試驗均無溶血反應。 From October 1984 to September 1985, a total of 770 seafood samples, collected from the retail markets of 8 coastal cities in Taiwan, were tested for the contamination of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The results showed that 352 samples (45.7%) were contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus. They included: 62 fish samples (1.1 x 105 mean MPN/g), 23 fish fillets (1.7 x 102 mean MPN/g), 52 shrimps (2.3 x 105 mean MPN/g) and 52 crabs (2.2 x 105 mean MPN/g) of the crustacea group, 134 bivalve shell fish (2.8 x 105 mean MPN/g) and 29 non-bivalve shellfish (7.2 x 104 mean MPN/g) of the mollusca group. Bivalve shellfish samples showed the highest detection frequency and counts. With the analysis of variance, cities and samples items affected the detection frequency of V. parahaemolyticus. Among 8 cities, positve statistical correlation was found between the counts of V. parahaemolyticus and temperature variation in Taipei, Ilan, Tainan and Pintung cities, respectively, whereas no positive statistical correlation occurred between the detection frequency and temperature variation in each city. 182 isolates from different types of seafood reacted with K antigens. Of these 182 serotypes, K 17 (17 isolates) showed the highest frequency of occurrence of serotypes. All of our isolates showed negative reaction for Kanagawa test.