現代新儒家賀麟對基督教的理解與應用

Modern New Confucianist He Lin's Understanding and Application of Christianity

第一代現代新儒家代表人物賀麟，與基督教的緣份頗多，且留學歐美有年，實際體驗基督教文化洗禮下的西方社會，對基督教賦予同情的瞭解。他側重基督教的宗教精神，採取「會通」的立場，主張汲取基督教之宗教倫理特質以補救儒家文化之不足，視此為儒家思想的新開展之蘄向。他對基督教的理解凡四：一是基督教文明實為西方文明的骨幹；二是基督教的「愛」相當於儒家的「仁」；三是耶穌的品格是值得尊仰的人格典範；四是基督教的精神與教會組織應有區辨。至於他對該教的應用則可歸為五項：其一是研究基督教的文化以提供建設的資源；其二是吸收基督教的精華以充實儒家的禮教；其三是援引基督教的神學以修正傳統的五倫；其四是認同基督教的信仰以深耕美德的修練；其五是採擷基督教的精神以強化公益的理念。這些觀點，頗富理論意義與應用價值。 A representative of the first-generation modern new Confucianism, He Lin, has a close connection to Christianity. He studied in Europe and America for years, having the practical experience of the western society under the influence of Christian culture and the sympathetic understanding of Christianity. He puts emphasis on the religious spirit of Christianity, adopting the standpoint of “communication,” claiming to learn from the religious ethical quality of Christianity to remedy the insufficiency of Confucian culture, and regarding this as the aspiration for the new development of Confucianism. There are four points for his understanding of Christianity: First, Christian civilization is the backbone of western civilization. Second, the “love” of Christianity is equivalent to the “benevolence” of Confucianism. Third, Jesus Christ’s character is the admirable personality model. Fourth, there should be distinction between the Christian spirit and church organization. As for his application of the religious belief, it can be categorized into the following five: First is to research on the Christian culture to serve as the resources for establishment. Second is to absorb the essence of Christianity to enrich the Confucian courtesy. Third is to cite the Christian theology to amend the traditional five relationships. Fourth is to identify with the Christian belief to rake root in the virtue cultivation. Fifth is to gather the Christian spirit to strengthen the concept of public welfare. These viewpoints are full of theoretical meanings and application value.