淺論銅鎖刻畫中的“八仙”造型與構圖形式

＂Eight Immortals＂ Shapes and Composition in the Portray of Copper Lock

中國道教中的“八仙”指的是唐代以來，歷經宋、元、明、清逐漸形成的八位仙人組合。他們出現早晚不一，外貌、姓名、性別、法寶等特徵前後均有出入。明代中期以後，八仙組合和特徵基本固定，並作為喜聞樂見的裝飾紋樣出現於各類工藝品上。本文收列了十把刻八仙人物的清代銅鎖，長度在11.7厘米至17厘米之間。雖然都是將八仙題材鐫刻在銅鎖的“凹”型幅式上，但是構圖及元素均沒有定式，彰顯了豐富的中國傳統畫面佈局思路。 The ＂Eight Immortal＂ in Chinese Taonism refer to the eight immortals that have gradually formed since the Tang Dynasty through the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Their appearance varies in different time in a day with differences in appearance, name, gender, magic weapons, etc. After the Ming Dynasty, the eight immortal combination and characteristics were basically fixed and appeared on all kinds of handicrafts as decorative pattern. This article lists ten copper locks engraved with eight immortal characters from Qing Dynasty, the length ranging from 11.7cm to 17cm. Although eight immortal engraved on the ＂concave＂ pattern of copper lock, the composition and element were not fixed. This is picture layout ideas of traditional Chinese.