台灣生物技術廠商之共同邊界效率研究

A Metafrontier Efficiency Analysis of Bio-technology Companies in Taiwan

本文以資料包絡分析法（DEA）為基礎、運用方向性距離函數（DDF）和Battese et al. （2004）的共同邊界法（Metafrontier）來分析與衡量從2006年至2015年台灣99家上市、櫃的生技產業之公司。生技產業為產品週期長且資本密集度高的產業，因此在面臨全球化的競爭下，提升廠商之經營效率，為當務之急。本研究將決策單位（DMU）分為三個子群體：應用生技產業、製藥產業與醫療器材產業，以各子群體之技術落差比例（TGR）來比較並分析其經營效率。其實證結果顯示：（1）在共同邊界下，應用生技產業之平均純粹技術效率高於製藥產業與醫療器材產業。（2）在三個次產業中，製藥產業技術落後程度相對較小，反之另兩個次產業應用生技產業和醫療器材產業技術落後程度較多。 The bio-technology industry in Taiwan is a capital-intensive industry with longer product life cycles. Facing global competition in the industry, these bio-technology companies have to improve their managerial efficiency. This study applies the directional distant function and the metafrontier definition by Battese et al. (2004) to analyze the efficiency and technology gap ratio of 99 Taiwanese biotechnology listed companies from 2006 to 2015. The bio-technology market includes medical, agricultural, environmental, etc. This study divides bio-technology market into three groups: applied biotechnology industry, pharmaceutical industry, and medical device industry. The efficiency scores and technology gap ratios (TGR) are then computed by the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Our major empirical findings are as follows: (1) The average metafrontier efficiency score of applied biotechnology industry is higher than those of pharmaceutical industry and medical device industry. (2) The pharmaceutical industry has a smaller technology gap than the other two industries.