從思辯觀點看「聖三一」──在黑格爾《哲學全書》的架構下

＂Holy Trinity＂ as Viewed from Speculative Perspective: In the Context of Hegel's Encyclopaedia

黑格爾對傳統基督教思辯重建的焦點，在於將「聖三一」轉化為「神性總念」。在「神性總念」中，同時包含有「神性理念─自然存在─有限意識」三環節，通過自身分化，展現神性「本質」和神性「存在」的差異、上帝和自然的差異；通過自身回復過程，在「世界精神」中，達成「理智」與「睿智」的統一、人與自然的統一；進一步通過「絕對精神的自我意識」，達成人與上帝的統一。最後在「絕對精神的三段論式」中，建立「自然─神─人」三環節的交互中介，因此證成三環節「三點圓伊，不縱不橫」的究竟平等關係。絕對精神是「自然─神─人」三環節的永恆自身分化、自身回復的自身中介過程。在《哲學全書》架構下，不僅可以積極建立「內在的聖三一」中父、子、靈的交互穿透，並且也可以證成內、外兩重「聖三一」的統一。通過「思辯進路」與「經驗進路」的兩重過渡，達成內、外兩重「聖三一」的統一，因此證成「拉內法則」。 The focus of Hegel's speculative reconstruction of Christianity consists in the transformation of Holy Trinity into divine Begriff, which comprises three moments of divine idea, nature, and finite consciousness. Divine Begriff differentiates itself into explicating the difference between divine essence and existence, and through the mediation of finite consciousness's reflection, leading finite consciousness back to divine idea. God thereby comes to self-consciousness of godself. It is not only possible to construct positively, under the framework of Hegel's Science of Logic, the interpenetrative relations of three divine Persons within the immanent Trinity, it is also possible, under the framework of Encyclopaedia, to prove Rahner's Rule, namely, the equality between the immanent and the economic Trinity, via reciprocal transitions of empirical and speculative approaches.