玉山國家公園地景變遷之時空分析

Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Landscape Changes in Yushan National Park

瞭解並掌握地景變遷過程是保護區經營管理的重要工作。本研究以玉山國家公園為研究區域，結合遙測、地理資訊系統與地景生態學方法，進行1990～2013年間的地景變遷分析，並利用單因子多變量變異數分析考驗研究區內不同流域間地景的差異性。研究結果顯示，國家公園成立後，地景發展極為穩定，且區內高屏溪、濁水溪與秀姑巒溪流域範圍之穩定地景均保有相同的穩定度，但在歷年天然災害的干擾下，卻造成不同流域間，非穩定地景之「退化」與「新生干擾」類型存在差異性，其中以高屏溪流域受到的影響最顯著，主要原因乃係受到較高頻度及強度之天然災害影響所致，尤其以溪流兩側為主要影響區位，然「退化」與「新生干擾」對生態系的影響，則有待未來更進一步的監測及研究。

Landscape changes in Yushan National Park from 1990 to 2013 were analyzed using remote sensing, geographic information system, and landscape pattern analysis. Results show that ＂stable landscapes＂ maintained substantial stability across the Gaoping, Jhuoshuei and Siouguluan river basins. However, multivariate analysis of variance showed that the condition of ＂unstable landscapes＂ differed significantly amongst these river basins. Comparisons of landscape changes brought about by natural disasters among these three river basins revealed that disasters with higher frequency and intensity had led to differences in ＂degradation＂ and ＂new disturbance＂ of ＂unstable landscape＂, especially around both sides of Gaoping River.