澎湖章魚（Octopus sp.）的生物學研究

A Study on Biology of the Penghu Octopus (Octopus sp.)

此種章魚爲新種，目前尚未正式命名，先以地區之名稱爲「澎湖章魚」以便記錄。澎湖章魚於2月在潮間帶出現；3月時部分雄章魚已經成熟，可在陰莖內發現精筴；4月初會有大量的章魚在潮間帶出現，並且可以發現已交配的雌章魚。4月中旬後雌章魚的比例減少，5月澎湖章魚逐漸在潮間帶消失。雌章魚的生殖腺在3-4月間有明顯成長的趨勢。章魚的孕卵數17-118顆，孕卵數與體重成正相關。7月中旬以後發現章魚在實驗室的水槽內產卵，產卵數10-30顆，卵長14.7-20.6mm、卵寬4.7-5.8mm。在實驗室內雄章魚可以存活到6月下旬，雌章魚可以存活到8月下旬。2005-2008年澎湖章魚的漁獲數量及大小皆有不同，但漁獲量則無明顯差異。

Penghu octopus (Octopus sp.) started to arrive at the inter-tidal zone of the Penghu islands in February. Males were already mature and had spermatophores in penis in March. Females had spermatophores in oviducts at the beginning of April when the octopus population reached a peak abundance. The females decreased in number after mid-April, and the octopus population vanished gradually from the inter-tidal zone in May. The female ovaries grew during the months of March to April. The fecundity was 17-118 eggs and correlated positively with the body weight. In the laboratory spawning activities of females were observed in mid-July, and a female laid 10-30 eggs, each 14.7-20.6 mm in length and 4.7-5.8 mm in width. The males lived to 21 June and the females to 26 August in the laboratory. The catch and body weight were significant different but the total landing was not significant different yearly from 2005 to 2008.