馬基維利《君王論》中的道德觀點

Machiavelli's moral thoughts in The Prince

當前道德教育的探討仍多半聚焦在如何教育活動中使受教者具有正向合宜 的道德價值。不過這種不談現實世界中的暴力、亂德之事的教育取向，或有可能 讓人們在面對現代社會中的「惡德」問題時，變得進退失據。基於此項理由，本 論文從《君王論》（The Prince)中，探究馬基維利對於道德的詮釋，試圖提供道 德教育不同的思維與視角。研究發現《君王論》的道德視角凸顯出現實世界的複 雜與多元，據此，道德教育有賴具備教育智慧的教育工作者的指導，適時回應人 性需求，重視個體發展之差異。並且教導學生建立自我保護的觀，發展面對問題 情境的應變權衡能力。

The current discussions on moral education largely focus on how to educate person to form positive and appropriate moral values in educational activities. However， such approach of moral education without considering evils in real world which probably make people become lost when dealing with the issue of evil in modern society. For this reason， this essay tried to inquire Machiavelli’s interpretation of morality in The Prince and propose recommendations for moral education. This study found that the moral perspective of The Prince revealed the complexity and diversity of the real world. Thus， moral education requires the guidance of educators whose are familiar with the wisdom of education， responding to human needs and paying attention to the differences in individual development for students， teaching students to establish a self-protection concept and develop the flexibility in problem situation.