護理人員工作特性及離職傾向的探討

The Study of Relationship between Nurses' Job Characteristics and Turnover Intention

台灣目前對護理人員的工作環境越來越不友善，超時工作、危險環境、工作壓力及心理問題使得護理人員的離職率越來越高，已列於世界排名前段名次。由於護理人員工作嚴重影響國人健康，如何改善護理人員離職率是非常重要的議題。過去研究指出，影響護理人員的留職意願的因素包含工作特性、工作滿意度等等，但較少研究探討三者之間的關係。因此，本研究希望探討工作特性對離職傾向的影響，並以工作滿意度為中介變數，以更完整的了解護理人員在離職上的主要原因。本研究透過問卷調查法，針對年滿20歲且取得護理師執照的護理工作人員，取樣地點為高雄地區的醫院，共計發放259份正式問卷。本研究以敘述性統計分析量表分配情形，透過多元迴歸分析了解各變數之間的關聯。本研究發現離職傾向會受到工作特性及工作滿意度影響，其中工作完整性及自主性與離職傾向為正關聯，工作滿意度與離職傾向則為負關聯。本研究希望此結果可提供給相關主管機關，以擬定關於護理人員管理與政策之建議。 The economic environment in Taiwan is getting worse and worse, and the working conditions for the medical staffs also become more and more unfriendly. Thus, it's important for us to investigate how to improve this situation. Early studies indicate job characteristics and job satisfaction may be the crucial factors that influence the turnover intention. The study investigated these relationships between job characteristics and turnover intention with job satisfaction as the mediator. The study take questionnaire method to survey, the samples are medical staffs with nurse certificate and over 20 years old in Kaohsiung medical center. 259 formal questionnaires were recruited, and the valid questionnaires will be analyzed by descriptive data and regression. The results show the turnover intention can be influenced positively by job characteristics and negatively by job satisfaction. We consider this result can be a reference and suggestion for authorities and hospitals to propose management and policy recommendations for nurses.