漢字詩學與當代漢詩：從葉維廉到夏宇

Chinese Character Poetics and Contemporary Chinese Poetry: From Yip Wai-lim to Hsia Yu

本文聚焦於漢字與漢語的「非連續性」特質，探討當代詩的語言問題。首先，回顧了「漢字詩學」的發展脈絡與理論型態，並以葉維廉的理論體系為核心，探其洞見與侷限。其次，嘗試連結中國大陸近年來關於「字思維」與「敘事性」論，展示其潛在對峙的情勢，進而思索如何重啟漢字的性能，包納新的血氣與音。接著，以臺灣詩人夏宇為例，論證她的前衛表演怎樣立基於漢語的語法特質，從而踐履出一種新的漢字詩學，使其在後現代情境中依然充滿活力。最後，以詩創作為核心，展示新的漢字詩學從重視固有特質到能夠收納翻譯成分與方言語的發展軌跡，並思索當代漢語詩人的語言處境及其突破之道。 This paper focuses on the “discontinued syntax” of Chinese, and explores the linguistic problems of contemporary poetry. First of all, I review the developmental context and theoretical patterns of “Chinese Character Poetics,” and I take Yip Wailim's theoretical system as the core to explore his views and limitations. Secondly, I try to link the discussion on “word thinking” and “narrativeness” in Mainland China in recent years, showing the situation of potential confrontation, and then thinking about how to restart the performance of Chinese characters, including new blood and sound. Furthermore, taking Taiwanese poet Hsia Yu as an example, I demonstrate how her progressive performance is based on the grammatical traits of Chinese, thus practicing a new Chinese character poetics, which makes her still energetic in the post-modern context. Finally, I use poetry as the core to show how the new Chinese character poetics changes from the emphasis on the inherent qualities to the ability to accommodate translation components and dialects, and consider the linguistic situation of contemporary Chinese poets and their breakthroughs.