絕爽及其不滿：當代詩中的身體與色情書寫

Jouissance and Its Discontents: Writings about Body and Sex in Contemporary Poetry

當代詩對於身體與色情（性）書寫的重要性是不言而喻的，台灣重要的新詩學者包括焦桐、陳義芝、鄭慧如、蕭蕭等都有對情色詩的深入論述。本文所試圖拓展的，正如標題所示，是從拉岡有關「絕爽」的理論出發，通過在「情色」的正面意義之外，探討身體與色情（性）書寫的更複雜面向。可以看出，當代詩對於身體與色情（性）的書寫體現在絕爽的種種表達中，從而展示出不同的心理文化向度。但無論如何，典型的、一元化的「陽具絕爽」遭到了肢解，每每暴露出快感自身的異質面貌。如果說「情色」暗示了某種解放和革命特徵的話，對這個概念的純粹肯定性意味的重新思考指向了快感的辯證意涵。本文討論到的陳黎、焦桐、夏宇、楊煉、江文瑜、陳克華、顏艾琳、唐捐等詩人的作品從各個方面深化了對這個問題的理解，而我們則可以觀察到當代漢語詩如何以不同的方式表達快感與痛感、絕爽與慾望、陽具絕爽與陰性絕爽、絕爽與語言、絕爽與徵兆之間的關係。 Writing sex and body in contemporary Chinese poetry (in Taiwan and mainland China) is so important that such prominent scholars as Jiao Tong, Chen Yizhi, Zheng Huiru and Xiao Xiao, among others, have all discussed poetic eroticism at length. The title of this paper, however, avoids the term 'erotic', instead examining this issue from a different angle. If the study of poetic eroticism largely emphasizes emancipation and revolution, the argument of this paper tends more toward the complex psychic mechanisms in the poetic representations of sex and body, as well as the cultural connotations that can be observed from a psychoanalytic perspective. I will try to avoid the purely 'positive' aspects of poetic eroticism and probe the dialectical significance of enjoyment in poetic writing of sex and the body, excluding from this attempts to beautify it. Here, Jacques Lacan's theory of jouissance has much to say about this issue. This paper will analyze various expressions of jouissance in the work of Chen Kehua, Chen Li, Jiang Wenyu, Jiao Tong, Tang Juan, Xia Yu, Yan Ailin, and Yang Lian, amongst others, from a Lacanian perspective, in an attempt to develop and deepen the understanding of poetic 'eroticism' as it is understood today. This study of poetic writing of sex and the body does not simply affirm its emancipatory and rebellious function, but reveals the multiple dimensions of jouissance, especially phallic jouissance. This essay, therefore, focuses on the various relationships between jouissance (enjoyment) and pain, between jouissance and desire, between phallic jouissance and feminine jouissance, between jouissance and language, and between jouissance and symptom (sinthome).