漁村再生的願景與實踐──淺談八斗子社區的輔導經驗

Vision to Practice of Fishing Community Regeneration - Experience of BaDouZi Community

為能順利推動漁村再生以開創漁村發展的新頁，除兼顧軟硬體建設之平衡性，更須結合永續發展概念，使漁村所具備的生態、生產與生活功能得以永續，故漁村再生輔導工作必須同時從「環境面」、「經濟面」及「社會面」三個層面著手進行。基此，八斗子漁村再生之輔導，包括：（1）環境永續－－透過生態觀光、環境教育推動以強化漁村生態功能之永續性；（2）經濟永續－－透過輔導舉辦地方市集，促進漁村生產功能之永續性；（3）社會永續－－輔導居民進行社區培力、凝聚居民共識並參與農村再生培根，藉此維護漁村生活功能之永續性。本研究迄今與地方居民進行深度訪談20餘次，居民共識大會2場、輔導舉辦地方市集1場、建立漁村工作坊與跨領域專家平台等，依據輔導經驗得知，在環境方面，八斗子觀光產業已朝向結合海洋生態觀光，並在與海洋科技博物館互動過程，逐漸加強漁村的環境教育功能；在經濟方面，八斗子漁村產業漸有新元素加入，包含特色包裝之漁產及漁村觀光套裝遊程等，並透過海洋特色市集拉近遊客與社區之間的距離，未來可朝社區自主營運模式推動；在社會方面，透過社區大會等培力工具協助凝結居民共識，使地方居民自行決定地方發展目標及願景，並逐步盤點社區資源，階段性提高地方青年回鄉就業意願。另外，基於「農村再生計畫」協助八斗子漁村進行再生工作的執行過程發現，地方居民對參與漁村再生頗具意願，但因資訊不對稱且行政工作繁瑣而卻步。綜上所述，未來應持續從旁輔導並啟發漁村社區居民投入漁村再生工作，期藉由漁村再生之推動來促進八斗子漁村環境、經濟與社會之整體永續發展。 To promote regeneration of fishing communities, balance of infrastructure and software build up should be considered. Echoing the sustainable development of Three-way farming functions, environmental- economic-social sustainability are foundation stones. The regeneration of BaDouZi fishing community including (i) strengthening eco-tourism and environmental education, (ii) organizing local market and promoting the sustainable production, and (iii) empowering participation and capability. This study carried out an in-depth interview with more than 20 local residents and two community consensus conferences. We organized a local market, established workshop and expert platform. From environmental perspective, BaDouZi marine tourism industry facing combination of eco-tourism which interacts with National Museum of Marine Science and Technology strengthen the environmental education. From economic perspective, industry diversification and local market, such as fishery product, package tour, and activities gave tourist an insight into BaDouZi fishing community. From social perspective, residents decide their visons and missions through community consensus conferences, identifying local resources, developing short-term and long- term strategies, and increasing employment aspirations for youth. During the execution of the “rural regeneration project”, we found information asymmetry and complicated clerical work increasing the level difficulties. Thus, continue guidance from experts in processing community regeneration is necessary to achieve the goals of environment, economy and society sustainability.