| 中文摘要 |
本研究目的在探討世界盃劍道賽優秀選手在攻擊動作中影響得分之各項因素和出現之比例，以瞭解打擊技術特性。由資深劍道教練及國家代表隊優秀選手來擔任觀察員判定分析，使此研究項目分析之結果能達到最佳信效度。研究範圍為第12、13屆世界盃劍道錦標賽之台灣隊、日本隊與韓國隊等三隊之隊伍，將技術動作歸納為七大項：一、身體位移；二、打擊部位；三、打擊密度；四、劍的打擊方向；五、打擊技法；六、打擊動態；七、勝負。利用錄影帶與統計資料分析，觀察員所觀察次數以總次數來換算成百分比處理而不用平均數替代。研究結果發現：一、劍道競賽中較常被運用之身體位移為正前。二、在競賽過程中主要之打擊部位為面部。三、打擊密度皆以一段式攻擊為主。四、較常被運用之打擊方向為表側。五、主要之打擊技法以伸擊為主。六、競賽過程中各隊選手最常運用主動攻擊。七、在分析勝負過程中由統計資料表示出獲勝隊伍與其他隊伍之得分比例判定。作者希望本研究數據能助於國內優秀選手及教練作為訓練與指導之依據。
The purpose of this study is to illustrate the features of striking techniques of Kendo. We studied the striking techniques of contestants in Kendo World Cup Championships, and investigated the factors that influenced successful scoring, and their frequencies and ratios of usage. The raters of this study were senior Kendo couches and outstanding national representatives of Kendo, and therefore the validity and reliability were optimized. We studied the records of the Japanese, Korean and Taiwanese et al, contestants in 12th and 13th Kendo World Cup Championships and summarized them into seven techniques, namely: 1) Locomotion, 2) Striking position, 3) Striking frequency, 4) Striking direction, 5) Striking pattern, 6) Striking dynamics, and 7) Final outcome. According to the video records and statistical analyses, the raters’ observations were calculated in terms of frequent ratio instead of mean frequency. The results showed that: 1) The commonly used Locomotion was front movement. 2) The main striking position in competitions was face-strike. 3) The striking frequencies were mainly single strike. 4) The mostly used striking direction was left striking. 5) The main striking pattern was Debana-waza. 6) All contestants attacked actively. 7) Statistical results showed the scoring ratios of every team in the analyses of final outcomes. We hoped that the results of this study might assist the training and coaching of the national Kendo representatives and their coaches. |
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