主管下班別LINE我：探討下班後用通訊軟體交辦困難工作對員工後續負向心情、壓力狀態及任務績效的影響：領導成員交換關係與員工親和性特質的干擾效果

The Effects of Difficult Work Assignments via Electronic Communication during Non-work Time on Employee Negative Affect, Stress, Recovery, and Task Performance: The Moderating Roles of Leader-Member Exchange and Agreeableness

「下班後主管用通訊軟體交辦工作」雖可促進工作效率、降低組織的溝通成本，但因員工下班後仍需待機隨時工作，儼然成為員工的惡夢。本研究依據「努力－恢復模式」論點，以經驗抽樣法進行10個工作天的資料蒐集，經資料配對與刪除未接到主管交辦任務訊息的樣本後，共得73位企業員工、313筆每日資料。Mplus分析結果指出，主管下班後用通訊軟體交辦工作的困難度越高，會透過提升員工的負向心情進而產生壓力狀態，並影響員工隔日一早的恢復感受，最終降低隔日早上的任務績效。此外，研究結果亦顯示：親和性越高的員工，越能緩和下班後收到通訊軟體交辦工作困難度與員工高負向心情的關係；但出乎預期的，若員工與主管有著較佳的交換關係時，則下班後收到通訊軟體交辦工作困難度與員工高負向心情的正向關係反會增強。本研究並依此結論提出理論與管理意涵。 The advances of communication technology improve work efficiency and decrease the cost of communication in the organizations nowadays. However, employees’ work overtime also increases owing to receiving work assignments from supervisors via electronic communication during non-work time. Drawing from the Effort-Recovery model, this study used the experience sampling method to examine that if difficult work assignments via electronic communication (e.g., LINE, Facebook) during non-work time cause detrimental effects on employees (e.g., increased negative moods and stress states, and reduced feeling of recovery and task performance). Moreover, we explored whether leader-member exchange (LMX) and agreeableness can buffer these detrimental effects. In total, 73 employees from 50 different organizations completed the daily questionnaires across 10 successive workdays (313 valid matched daily responses). The results of Mplus suggested that difficult work assignments via electronic communication during non-work time increased employees’ stress states at night via increased negative moods. The stress states in turn reduced employee task performance on the next day via reduced feeling of recovery the next morning. Finally, the relationship between difficult work assignments via electronic communication during non-work time and negative affect is buffered by agreeableness. However, high LMX would strengthen this association.