長期照護機構住民行動能力對營養及憂鬱狀況之影響

Impact of Aboriginal Operational Capacity on Nutrition and Melancholy in Long Term Care

背景與目的：人口老化將會對整個社會帶來莫大的衝擊，其中長期照護機構之照護與研究重點大多著重在生理照護上的議題，對於機構老人行動能力對營養及憂鬱狀況之影響則較少深入探討。研究方法：選擇2家護理之家及其養護機構人數共145名住民，篩選完剩72名，進行迷你營養評估（Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA）、老人憂鬱量表（Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS）、情緒量表（Happy Index, HI）及日常生活評估量表（Activities of Daily Living, ADL）等問卷調查與分析；實施調查時間為西元2016年8~9月。結果：行動能力與身體質量指數（Body Mass Index, BMI）、MNA有顯著相關（p＜0.05），與GDS有間接之相關性，但與HI則不顯著。同樣之情形：ADL與BMI、MNA有顯著相關（p＜0.05），與GDS有間接之相關性，但與HI則不顯著；而HI僅與教育程度有關，其他在每週休閒時間與BMI、MNA、GDS、HI皆沒有顯著關係。結論：本研究發現機構住民ADL及行動能力對BMI及營養狀況的確有明顯之影響，與GDS有間接之相關性，所以維持好住民之ADL及良好之行動能力乃機構之重要課題。 Background and Purpose: An aging population will bring great for the whole community impact, including long-term care institutions, care and research priorities tend to focus on issues in the physical care for institutionalized elderly ability to act on the nutritional status and the effect of depression is less depth. Methods: Choose two nursing homes and care facilities had a total of 145 residents, left 72 complete screening for Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA),Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Happy Index (HI) and Activities of Daily Living assessment Scale (ADL) such as surveys and analysis; implement AD 2016 survey was conducted from August to September. Results: The ability to act with the Body Mass Index (BMI), MNA significantly associated (p<0.05), and the correlation between GDS indirectly, but no significant HI. The same situation: ADL and BMI, MNA significantly associated (p <0.05), and the correlation between GDS indirect, but not significantly HI; while HI only with educational attainment, the other in the weekly leisure time with BMI, MNA, GDS, HI were no significant relationships. Conclusion: This study found that institutional residents ADL and mobility for BMI and nutritional status is indeed a significant impact, and the correlation between GDS indirectly, so maintaining good residents of ADL and mobility are good institutions important issue.