探討行為或不行為義務之行政執行

Discussion about Administrative Execution on Obligation of Action or Non-Action

行為或不行為義務之行政執行通稱行政強制，包括即時強制。依行政執行法之規定，其重點有三：將行為或不行為義務之執行與即時強制脫離，並分別以專章處理；前者之內容為間接強制和直接強制的方法及要領；後者亦集中於執行方法的規範。本文分成兩部分對行政強制進行全面性及整體性的檢視和評判。首先，行政強制與行政職權相互銜接，其內涵係以義務不履行為前提，即時強制亦不例外，係行政強制之縮短程序，為正常之延伸（階段）程序的另一選項，除了急迫性之要素外，本文提出擬制基礎處分的概念，同時建構法定要件，以完善思維模式，此外，行政執行法中即時強制方法之規定，與職權相互混淆，於是一併釐清與警察職權行使法之即時強制的關係，俾使體系及架構完整。第二部分探討延伸程序的內容，即行政執行法第三章行為或不行為義務之執行，透過釋義學的觀點，發現形式與實質要件均付之闕如，全部條文反而集中於執行方法的規定，即便就此而論，其概念亦均有待商榷，於文中一一予以探究和釐清，文末並簡評兩則案例印證之；最後，本文用以衡量我國行政強制的準則，即是修法的鵠的，以此提出具體建議。 Administrative execution on obligation of action or non-action is generally known as compulsory execution. According to The Administrative Execution Act which includes immediate coercion has three key points: (1) distinguish between administrative execution on obligation of action or non-action and immediate coercion. (2) the contents of the former is methods of direct compulsory and indirect compulsory. (3) the latter also focuses on standard of execution manners. This article divides compulsory execution into two parts to survey and judge. For one thing, compulsory execution links with administrative task and authority which content is fails to perform the obligation as a prerequisite. The immediate coercion shortens the procedure of compulsory execution. Excluding the element of imminence, this paper proposes drawing up the concept of basic disposition and constructs legal requirement. Besides, it is likely to confuses the standard of immediate coercion with authority, hence it will clarifies the relation with the real-time compulsion of Police Power Exercise Act. For another thing, discusses the contents of extended procedure, which is the obligation of action or non-action in chapter 3 of Administrative Execution Act. Through the viewpoint of Dogmatik will find that substantial requisite and f ormal requisite both are lack of necessary definitions. Even though all Articles are focus on standards of manner of execution, the concepts have to discussion and clarification. Last but not least, this article brings up concrete suggestions.