台灣地區樟樹生物量擴展係數之建立

Investigation of a Biomass Expansion Factor for Camphor Tree in Taiwan

森林生物量不僅能夠反映生態系統在特定時段內積累有機物質的能力，而且是描述生態系統特徵的重要參數，也是評價森林結構與功能的理論基礎。生物量的動態變化直接影響到森林的生產力及其分解過程，對碳循環有重要影響作用。森林生物量和生產力的研究多數是集中在地上部主幹生物量上（Keeling et al., 2007；Fang et al., 2001），地上部其他部分與地下部分生物量都根據此部分採用一定的擴展係數方法推算（Clark et al., 2001），但由於目前台灣主要樹種的擴展係數的資料相當缺乏，在估算森林碳貯存量時，不是帶入假設數據，就是借用國外的研究數據。本研究利用1986年和2006年二次的樟樹生物量調查資料，進行生物量擴展係數的分析，結果顯示樟樹地上部生物量擴展係數為1.34±0.24，而地下部生物量擴展係數為1.41±0.04，因此樟樹的全株生物量約為主幹生物量之1.89倍，然後用這些公式及調查資料來估計樟樹生物量，作為將來森林碳吸存推估模式的重要基礎以供為往後碳量估算及其相關研究之參考。 The forest biomass could not only express the accumulation capacity of organic matter, but also describe the important parameters of the structure and the function in ecosystem. The biomass dynamic influence on carbon cycle of ecosystem, which are included the forest productivity and the decomposition process directly. Most of the forest biomass and productivity researches were focused on the stem biomass. (Keeling et al., 2007; Fang et al., 2001) To estimate other parts of aboveground biomasses and root biomass with stem biomass in the expansion factor method calculation. (Clark et al., 2001) The expansion factor data of main planting tree species are quite deficient in Taiwan now. So, we have to estimate forest carbon stock by tentative data or cited the research results of forest data. There are 99 stems data of biomass survey in 1986 and 81 stems of camphor tree biomass resources investigation in 2006 were used to develop the expansion factor of camphor trees. The results showed that biomass expansion factor of aboveground is 1.34±0.24 and the whole biomass expansion factor of belowground is 1.41±0.04. Therefore tree biomass is approximately 1.89 of the stem biomass for camphor tree. The results could be used to estimated the camphor carbon stock in Taiwan and could used to compare the camphor biomass in other Asia area.

The forest biomass could not only express the accumulation capacity of organic matter, but also describe the important parameters of the structure and the function in ecosystem. The biomass dynamic influence on carbon cycle of ecosystem, which are included the forest productivity and the decomposition process directly. Most of the forest biomass and productivity researches were focused on the stem biomass. (Keeling et al., 2007; Fang et al., 2001) To estimate other parts of aboveground biomasses and root biomass with stem biomass in the expansion factor method calculation. (Clark et al., 2001) The expansion factor data of main planting tree species are quite deficient in Taiwan now. So, we have to estimate forest carbon stock by tentative data or cited the research results of forest data. There are 99 stems data of biomass survey in 1986 and 81 stems of camphor tree biomass resources investigation in 2006 were used to develop the expansion factor of camphor trees. The results showed that biomass expansion factor of aboveground is 1.34±0.24 and the whole biomass expansion factor of belowground is 1.41±0.04. Therefore tree biomass is approximately 1.89 of the stem biomass for camphor tree. The results could be used to estimated the camphor carbon stock in Taiwan and could used to compare the camphor biomass in other Asia area.