環山火燒跡地昆蟲群聚之歧異度分析

Diversity Analysis of Insect Community in the Huanshan Burned Area

為瞭解環山火燒跡地森林生態系中之昆蟲群眾多樣性，本研究於2001年11月至2003年1月，針對此區之火燒後未處理區、火燒後處理區，以及未火燒區等樣站，進行昆蟲資源監測調查與分析，深入探究其昆蟲群眾變化，其可作為爾後復育、經營管理工作上之參考。本研究以三種誘集方法所得之昆蟲群眾組成，共計18目240科327形態種。由各時期昆蟲群眾調查之總種數，以及種豐多度分析結果得知，此區昆蟲資源之物種豐多度仍持續增加。而以雙翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目具有最高的實採科數百分比，並綜合科級生物多樣性之分析結果，建議應持續監測雙翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目，以及彈尾目、嚙蟲目、纓翅目、脈翅目等昆蟲之組成與分布，加以瞭解其與棲息地的相關性。另不同測站之昆蟲群眾的歧異度指數差異，大致為未火燒區大於火燒後造林整地區，火燒後造林整地區又大於火燒後未處理區；然樣區間之歧異度指數並無顯著差異；又由種豐富度模式之分析結果得知，多數樣區之昆蟲群最符合截斷對數常態分布，此等顯示環山火燒跡地昆蟲群眾結構極其複雜而多樣。另研究區內之昆蟲群眾的歧異度，依季節之更迭而有所差異，即以夏季為最高，春、冬季次之，而秋季最低；此外，僅2001年植群之Simpson種豐富度指數，與昆蟲群眾的Shannon訊息統計指數、Simpson種豐富度指數，以及Shannon均勻度指數間具正相關，而2002年秋季植群與昆蟲群眾之歧異度無相關。 To comprehend the diversity of the insect community in the burned forest ecology, the insect resource in the Huanshan Burned Area was monitored, investigated and analyzed from November in 2001 to January in 2003. The sample areas included ones without treatment after burned, ones with treatment after burned, and the others not burned. Researching the change of insect communities could make a reference on the conservation and management. From the result, there were totally 327 morphospecies, 240 families and 18 orders lured by three methods in this area. It showed the species still developed from the results of total number species and species richness. With the analysis the method of family-level biological diversity, it showed that the percentages of Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were the highest in these plots. Otherwise, it was suggested to use the insects of Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Collembola, Psocoptera, Thysanoptera and Neuroptera as the indicator communities for long-term monitoring. In general, the diversity indices of the areas not burned were higher than of the ones with treatment after burned, and then the ones without treatment after burned. However, it showed no significant differences among plots. Besides, the insect communities of most plots had the best fit to truncated log normal distributions via the analysis of the species abundance models. It revealed that the structure of insect communities was very complicated and various. Otherwise, the diversity indices of the insect communities were different by the change of seasons. It was the highest in summer, then in spring and winter, and the lowest in autumn. The Simpson species abundance indices of the vegetation and the Shannon information statistic index, Simpson species abundance indices, Shannon evenness indices of insect community were positively correlated during autumn in 2001. But the diversities of the vegetation and the insect community were not correlated during autumn in 2002.

To comprehend the diversity of the insect community in the burned forest ecology, the insect resource in the Huanshan Burned Area was monitored, investigated and analyzed from November in 2001 to January in 2003. The sample areas included ones without treatment after burned, ones with treatment after burned, and the others not burned. Researching the change of insect communities could make a reference on the conservation and management. From the result, there were totally 327 morphospecies, 240 families and 18 orders lured by three methods in this area. It showed the species still developed from the results of total number species and species richness. With the analysis the method of family-level biological diversity, it showed that the percentages of Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were the highest in these plots. Otherwise, it was suggested to use the insects of Diptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Collembola, Psocoptera, Thysanoptera and Neuroptera as the indicator communities for long-term monitoring. In general, the diversity indices of the areas not burned were higher than of the ones with treatment after burned, and then the ones without treatment after burned. However, it showed no significant differences among plots. Besides, the insect communities of most plots had the best fit to truncated log normal distributions via the analysis of the species abundance models. It revealed that the structure of insect communities was very complicated and various. Otherwise, the diversity indices of the insect communities were different by the change of seasons. It was the highest in summer, then in spring and winter, and the lowest in autumn. The Simpson species abundance indices of the vegetation and the Shannon information statistic index, Simpson species abundance indices, Shannon evenness indices of insect community were positively correlated during autumn in 2001. But the diversities of the vegetation and the insect community were not correlated during autumn in 2002.