臺灣原生鳳仙花之繁殖器官性狀與自交親和性

Reproductive organ traits and self-compatibility of Taiwanese native Impatiens

臺灣原生之鳳仙花屬植物有黃花鳳仙花（Impatiens tayemonii）、紫花鳳仙花（I. uniflora）、棣慕華鳳仙花（I. devolii）等3種，均為特有種，且深具自然保育及園藝應用價值。本研究於觀霧地區以3種原生鳳仙花為材料，分別量測其花、果、種子等繁殖器官性狀，其中以棣慕華鳳仙花之花朵最小，黃花鳳仙花的果實最大，種子數最多。另，為瞭解此3種鳳仙花之自交親和性，本研究逐步由花粉至全株進行相關試驗，結果發現3種鳳仙花之花粉（體外）發芽率介於22～55％，在人工自交或異交下均具柱頭可授性，單花套袋試驗顯示3種鳳仙花結實率為2～71％，且均能自動自交，最後經全株罩網隔離授粉昆蟲之試驗，可觀察到3種鳳仙花仍能開花結實及天然下種更新；綜上所述，可知3種臺灣特有種鳳仙花均具自交親和性。 There are 3 native Impatiens species in Taiwan, all being endemic, including Impatiens tayemonii, I. uniflora, and I. devolii. They are important with respect to natural conservation and horticultural application. This paper described their reproductive organ traits of 3 Impatiens species sampled in Kuanwu area. Among the 3 species studied, the flower of I. devolii was the smallest; I. tayemonii had the biggest capsule that contains the largest number of seeds. The self-compatibility of 3 Impatiens species were further studied at micro and macro scales. The results showed that the in vitro pollen germination rate were 22~55%, and the stigmas of all 3 species were receptive both self- and cross-pollination. The capsule setting rates were 2~71%, and all 3 Impatiens species could be self-pollinated automatically. The flowering and setting of 3 Impatiens species and their natural regenerated seedlings had been observed in the isolated and individual netting containers. In conclusion, all of the 3 Impatiens species were self-compatibility.

There are 3 native Impatiens species in Taiwan, all being endemic, including Impatiens tayemonii, I. uniflora, and I. devolii. They are important with respect to natural conservation and horticultural application. This paper described their reproductive organ traits of 3 Impatiens species sampled in Kuanwu area. Among the 3 species studied, the flower of I. devolii was the smallest; I. tayemonii had the biggest capsule that contains the largest number of seeds. The self-compatibility of 3 Impatiens species were further studied at micro and macro scales. The results showed that the in vitro pollen germination rate were 22~55%, and the stigmas of all 3 species were receptive both self- and cross-pollination. The capsule setting rates were 2~71%, and all 3 Impatiens species could be self-pollinated automatically. The flowering and setting of 3 Impatiens species and their natural regenerated seedlings had been observed in the isolated and individual netting containers. In conclusion, all of the 3 Impatiens species were self-compatibility.