關刀溪森林生態系兩棲動物群聚之研究

Amphibian Communities in the Guandaushi Forest Ecosystem

本研究報導臺灣本島中部惠蓀林場兩棲動物相及關刀溪的一支流的蛙類群聚組成及變化。研究時間是從1994年7月至1997年7月。林場兩棲動物相的調查是以不定時及不定點方式進行。調查結果共發現4科13種蛙類，以斯文豪氏赤蛙及盤古蟾蜍為最常見之種類。褐樹蛙、梭德氏赤蛙、拉都希氏赤蛙及面天樹蛙大都集中出現在生殖期，多則上百計，而且出現時間通常很短，只有一、二個月的時間，其他時期則零星發現。若從生殖棲地來看，林場蛙類主要是在溪澗、蓄水池、及路邊水溝積水區為繁殖地。蛙類群聚的研究主要是每月1-2個晚上以地毯式方式，調查在關刀溪支流水源地的山澗及蓄水池出現的兩棲動物種類及數量。調查結果發現，群聚組成相當簡單，只有3科6種蛙類。以數量來看，斯文豪氏赤蛙為最優勢種，其次是盤古蟾蜍及莫氏樹娃，其他的種類則是零星發現。爬蟲類以赤尾青竹絲為最常見。迴歸分析發現斯文豪氏赤蛙的數量月變化和水與氣溫有顯著的相關性，但和雨量的相關性則不顯著。而盤古蟾蜍和莫氏樹蛙數量的月變化則和各氣候份子的相關性都不顯著。斯文豪氏赤蛙、盤古蟾蜍、及梭德氏赤蛙應為秋冬生殖者。水源地蛙類應棲息在水源地山澗附近較潮濕的混生林底層，而不太會活動於較乾燥及林相單一的人造林。盤古蟾蜍及梭德氏赤蛙有明顯的生殖遷移的行為，但斯文豪氏赤蛙則無。斯文豪氏赤蛙屬安靜性的蛙類，通常駐留在牠的生活範圍，很少移動。 I studied the amphibian fauna at the Hui-Sun Experimental Forest from August 1994 to July 1997. A total of 13 species of amphibians was found. Rana swinhoana, Rhacophorus moltrechti and Bufo bankorensis were the common species. Buergeria robustus, Rana sauteri, Rana latouchi, and Chirixalus idiootocus were found mainly during the breeding seasons. Streams, creeks, reservoirs, and roadside ditches were the most common breeding habitats. I studied the temporal and spatial changes of an amphibian community in the headwater of a tributary of Guandaushi from December 1995 to July 1997. A total of 6 species of amphibians was found among which R. swinhoana was the most common and abundant species, followed by R. moltrechti and B. bankorensis. The abundance of R. swinhoana was significantly correlated with water and air temperatures, but was insignificantly correlated with rainfall. The abundance of R. moltrechti and B. bankorensis was insignificantly correlated with all climatic variables mentioned. R. swinhoana, R. moltrechti, and B. bankorensis were fall-winter breeders. Amphibians inhabited in the forest along the stream with high humidity. R. sauteri and B. bankorensis exhibited breeding migration, but not in R. swinhoana which is a sedentary animal with little movement.

I studied the amphibian fauna at the Hui-Sun Experimental Forest from August 1994 to July 1997. A total of 13 species of amphibians was found. Rana swinhoana, Rhacophorus moltrechti and Bufo bankorensis were the common species. Buergeria robustus, Rana sauteri, Rana latouchi, and Chirixalus idiootocus were found mainly during the breeding seasons. Streams, creeks, reservoirs, and roadside ditches were the most common breeding habitats. I studied the temporal and spatial changes of an amphibian community in the headwater of a tributary of Guandaushi from December 1995 to July 1997. A total of 6 species of amphibians was found among which R. swinhoana was the most common and abundant species, followed by R. moltrechti and B. bankorensis. The abundance of R. swinhoana was significantly correlated with water and air temperatures, but was insignificantly correlated with rainfall. The abundance of R. moltrechti and B. bankorensis was insignificantly correlated with all climatic variables mentioned. R. swinhoana, R. moltrechti, and B. bankorensis were fall-winter breeders. Amphibians inhabited in the forest along the stream with high humidity. R. sauteri and B. bankorensis exhibited breeding migration, but not in R. swinhoana which is a sedentary animal with little movement.