台灣地區切花類產銷班生產效率之研究──農業服務性組織之效率評估模式提出

Technical Efficiencies of Cut-flower Production-Marketing Teams in Taiwan: An Efficiency Evaluation method for Agricultural Service Organizations

產銷班為一非營利服務性農業組織，其功能不同於以生產為主的一般農業組織，故對於產銷班效率之衡量模式必須採用不同之投入產出的設定。鑑於過去之產銷班考核制度無法充分的衡量出各產銷班的整體績效，故本研究除收集合乎切花產銷班服務性組織特性之詳細量化與質性資料，並以資料包絡分析法架構一合乎產銷班特性之效率衡量方式。文中除衡量出切花產銷班之總技術效率、純技術效率與規模效率外，並探討造成效率差異之因素。實證結果發現：（1）就純技術效率值的表現而言：58家產銷班中，27家達完全效率，其餘31家則尚有效率改善的空間；主要種植切花種類之產銷班中，純技術效率值由低至高排列為，玫瑰班、唐菖蒲班、洋結梗班、蘭花班以及種植不屬於以上四種切花的其他類班；以班所在地區來分、中部地區產銷班純技術效率最佳，南部產銷班次之，北部產銷班的純技術效率最差；再者，多營數種切花的產銷班之純技術效率比專營一種切花的產銷班為佳。（2）目標達成率而言：以成本節省的目標達成情況最佳，所服務班員之耕作總面積的目標達成情況最差。（3）就影響純技術效率之因素而言：班長種植切花經驗、班長教育程度、班公約的落實等三項因素與純技術效率有顯著的正相關，而機械成本的高低則與純技術效率有顯著的負相關。 The production-marketing (PM) Team is a kind of non-profit agricultural organization which provides services to its members. Since products of PM team are quite different from those of traditional agricultural production organizations, thus one must consider its service firm like characteristics of the PM team in selecting relevant inputs and outputs as well as methods for evaluating the efficiency of PM team. In this paper, we employ the Data Envelopment Analysis to investigate the efficiencies of cut-flower PM teams in Taiwan. We also identify factors that may explain the efficiency differences among PM teams. Using a survey data to PM teams in 1999, we find 31 sample PM teams, out of 58 samples, to be technical inefficiency. Efficiency discrepancies are also found for different types of PM teams. We also find that members’ cultivation acreage, education of team leader, the enforcement of team regulation and the cost of machinery are important factors which may explain technical efficiency differences among sample PM teams in Taiwan.

The production-marketing (PM) Team is a kind of non-profit agricultural organization which provides services to its members. Since products of PM team are quite different from those of traditional agricultural production organizations, thus one must consider its service firm like characteristics of the PM team in selecting relevant inputs and outputs as well as methods for evaluating the efficiency of PM team. In this paper, we employ the Data Envelopment Analysis to investigate the efficiencies of cut-flower PM teams in Taiwan. We also identify factors that may explain the efficiency differences among PM teams. Using a survey data to PM teams in 1999, we find 31 sample PM teams, out of 58 samples, to be technical inefficiency. Efficiency discrepancies are also found for different types of PM teams. We also find that members’ cultivation acreage, education of team leader, the enforcement of team regulation and the cost of machinery are important factors which may explain technical efficiency differences among sample PM teams in Taiwan.