國立科學工藝博物館展示輸出國際之推行與階段策略討論

Promoting the Export of Exhibitions Presented at the National Science and Technology Museum and its Related Strategies in Stages

本文為一個案研究，研究對象為國立科學工藝博物館近六年來的國際展示輸出案例，透過參與觀察與深度訪談，了解其展示概念、執行方式與階段成果，並從實務經驗中探討執行方式與策略。本文首先審視博物館間展示的交換與外借的不同狀況，從中界定「展示輸出」的作為乃是：基於「以展示作為博物館文化商品」的動機與立意，以及旨在賺取收入的營運模式，恰似商業貿易活動中的輸出商品，因而名之。接續，根據科工館的實務經驗，整理、歸納出展示輸出的執行步驟包括：（1）資料彙整，（2）吸引買方，（3）洽談合作，（4）正式簽約，（5）資料移交，（6）展品移交，（7）展示製作，（8）進場佈展，（9）展示開幕，（10）展示閉幕。之後，透過資料蒐集、參與觀察以及策展人的訪談，描摹出科工館近年來六個展示輸出案例的概況，並剖析其執行情形、成果收穫、促成合作之重點所在與執行合作時的困難點，最後總結六個案例，歸納出展示輸出時五個執行策略的內涵，包括：引發探詢的策略、促成合作的策略、推動執行的策略、弭平差異的策略、以及展示調整的策略，以供國內的博物館界參考。 This paper presents a case study; its research subjects are international exhibitions that theNational Science and Technology Museum (NSTM) exported to other countries during thepast six years. An understanding of the exhibition concepts, implementation approaches,and results in stages is obtained via participant observation and in-depth interview, whileimplementation approaches and strategies are explored from the perspective of empiricalexperience. This paper first examines various situations of exchanging andborrowing/lending exhibitions between museums, whereby the “export of exhibitions” isdefined as follows: Based on “the use of exhibitions as a museum’s cultural commodities”and an operating model that aims to generate revenues, it bears similarity to product exportin commercial and trade activities. Second, this paper sorts and summarizes the steps incarrying out the export of exhibitions in accordance with NSTM’s empirical experience,including (1) data compilation; (2) attracting buyers; (3) discussing cooperation; (4) formalsigning of contracts; (5) data handover; (6) exhibition handover; (7) exhibition production;(8) entering an exhibition site to arrange exhibitions; (9) exhibition opening; and (10)exhibition closing. Third, this paper obtains an overview of how the NSTM exported itsexhibitions in the past six years via data collection, participant observation, and interviewswith its curator. It also analyzes its implementation progress, results, keys to facilitatingcooperation, and difficulties encountered in the process of cooperation. Lastly, itsummarizes the contents of five implementation strategies used in six cases of exportingexhibitions, including the strategies to prompt enquiries, facilitate cooperation, promoteimplementation, eliminate differences, and make adjustments to exhibitions, in order toprovide domestic museums with a reference.

This paper presents a case study; its research subjects are international exhibitions that theNational Science and Technology Museum (NSTM) exported to other countries during thepast six years. An understanding of the exhibition concepts, implementation approaches,and results in stages is obtained via participant observation and in-depth interview, whileimplementation approaches and strategies are explored from the perspective of empiricalexperience. This paper first examines various situations of exchanging andborrowing/lending exhibitions between museums, whereby the “export of exhibitions” isdefined as follows: Based on “the use of exhibitions as a museum’s cultural commodities”and an operating model that aims to generate revenues, it bears similarity to product exportin commercial and trade activities. Second, this paper sorts and summarizes the steps incarrying out the export of exhibitions in accordance with NSTM’s empirical experience,including (1) data compilation; (2) attracting buyers; (3) discussing cooperation; (4) formalsigning of contracts; (5) data handover; (6) exhibition handover; (7) exhibition production;(8) entering an exhibition site to arrange exhibitions; (9) exhibition opening; and (10)exhibition closing. Third, this paper obtains an overview of how the NSTM exported itsexhibitions in the past six years via data collection, participant observation, and interviewswith its curator. It also analyzes its implementation progress, results, keys to facilitatingcooperation, and difficulties encountered in the process of cooperation. Lastly, itsummarizes the contents of five implementation strategies used in six cases of exportingexhibitions, including the strategies to prompt enquiries, facilitate cooperation, promoteimplementation, eliminate differences, and make adjustments to exhibitions, in order toprovide domestic museums with a reference.