台灣地區中老年人服用安眠用藥與精神壓力源之相關因素探討

Influence of Sleep Medication Utilization and Mental Stressors of the Middle-Aged and Elderly Population in Taiwan

目的：老化、殘疾、心理或身體上的疾病為影響中老年人長期服用安眠用藥的因素。方法：分析國健局「中老年身心社會生活狀況長期追蹤調查」2003年及2007年之訪談資料，研究對象依使用安眠藥情形分為「無安眠藥組」共2815人，「新安眠藥組」213人，「停安眠藥組」92人。「精神壓力來源」涵蓋：健康狀態、經濟狀態、工作狀態、家人因素、家人相處。結果：2003年台灣地區有170位中老年人使用安眠用藥，其精神壓力源總計有336件，而2007年有使用安眠用藥的中老年人增加至291位，精神壓力源也上升至439件，顯示四年間安眠用藥的使用人數增加。「無安眠藥組」其四年間中老年人的工作壓力明顯降低：「停安眠藥組」四年間的經濟壓力有顯著減少的情形（P＜0.05）。本研究進一步探概化估計方程式（GEE）建立迴歸模式，女性、罹患至少一種以上慢性疾病、日常生活活動功能（ADL）有障礙的中老年人，服用安眠用藥的機率高。結論：中老年人擔心健康問題，害怕疾病所帶來的不便產生壓力源，增加安眠用藥使用情形。本研究以縱貫性分析中老年人服用安眠用藥與精神壓力源之相關因素，結果可對於政府在社會醫療福利措施和照護資源等政策規劃上，提供實質且重要的參考依據。 Purpose: Aging, disability, mental or physical illness is a factor that affects the long-term use sleeping pills in the middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods: Subjects who completed the interviews of the ＂Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan＂ in both years of 2003 and 2007 were included. According to their sleep medication history, these subjects were divided into three groups: 2815 subjects never have sleep medication utilization, 213 subjects have sleep medication utilization between 2003 & 2007 and 92 subjects stop sleep medication utilization before 2003. Results: In 2003, 170 middle-aged and elderly in Taiwan used sleeping pills and its mental stressors totaled 336, there were 291 middle-aged and elderly adults who used sleeping pills in 2007 and mental stressors have also risen to 439. After 4 years of follow-up, ＂no sleep medication group＂ work load stress remarkably decreased, ＂stop sleep medication group＂ economic stress has significantly reduced (P＜0.05). Women, middle-aged and elderly people with at least one or more chronic diseases and disorders of daily living activity (ADL) have a high chance of taking sleeping medication. Conclusion: Middle-aged and elderly worried about their health problems, increased sleep medication utilization. The study has roughly quantified the influence of sleep medication utilization and mental stressors and could offer substantial reference material s for planning the social welfare and allocating the resource of health care.

Purpose: Aging, disability, mental or physical illness is a factor that affects the long-term use sleeping pills in the middle-aged and elderly adults. Methods: Subjects who completed the interviews of the ＂Survey of Health and Living Status of the Elderly in Taiwan＂ in both years of 2003 and 2007 were included. According to their sleep medication history, these subjects were divided into three groups: 2815 subjects never have sleep medication utilization, 213 subjects have sleep medication utilization between 2003 & 2007 and 92 subjects stop sleep medication utilization before 2003. Results: In 2003, 170 middle-aged and elderly in Taiwan used sleeping pills and its mental stressors totaled 336, there were 291 middle-aged and elderly adults who used sleeping pills in 2007 and mental stressors have also risen to 439. After 4 years of follow-up, ＂no sleep medication group＂ work load stress remarkably decreased, ＂stop sleep medication group＂ economic stress has significantly reduced (P＜0.05). Women, middle-aged and elderly people with at least one or more chronic diseases and disorders of daily living activity (ADL) have a high chance of taking sleeping medication. Conclusion: Middle-aged and elderly worried about their health problems, increased sleep medication utilization. The study has roughly quantified the influence of sleep medication utilization and mental stressors and could offer substantial reference material s for planning the social welfare and allocating the resource of health care.