台灣不動產領域之開放資料需求架構

The Demand Framework of Open Data for the Real Estate Industry in Taiwan

開放資料架構概念的快速擴充與發展，實對不動產不完全資訊的本質上，提供了一定的解決方案，在此觀念下，開放資料環境能夠有效地達到促進創新、成長、與發展的目標，健全市場機能。不動產領域提供的是滿足乘載人民一切活動所需的實體空間環境，其重要性與影響深入了每個人的食、衣、住、行、育、樂各個領域當中；然由於其獨特的不完全競爭下偏重私人市場交易，以及不動產領域所需的專業性與特殊性極高，不動產領域的各層面往往讓人產生資訊不完全與不對稱的不確定性，如果希望能夠達到開放資料環境，必須先充分了解資料需求的架構。本研究透過檢討各國代表性評價單位對各國不動產市場透明度的衡量準則項目，檢視台灣三大不動產領域，從不動產投資與估價、不動產開發與交易、與不動產使用與管理三大範疇，來探討台灣不動產開放資料需求的架構。透過深度訪談目前在不動產主要領域中的資料使用者，來進一步探討需求的缺口。從研究分析與訪談結果顯示，一、非市場性資料缺乏完整平台串聯相關開放資料；二、基礎市場資料的缺口仍有待建構補齊；三、市場績效指標的類型應擴張至商用不動產；四、無論公私部門的資訊持有平台，均應負有適度的開放資訊的義務。 The recently evolving and expanding concept of open data provides some ideal solutions for the information demanding real estate industry. The direct real estate investment market has always been seen as an information incomplete environment. The concepts of open data can effectively fulfil the objectives for promoting innovation, economic growth and development, and enhancing the righteous market device. Real estate industry provides all kinds of space demanded for human activities. However, its unique characteristics of immobility and low transformability making real estate a private market vehicle, and the asymmetrical information between stake parties is arguable in transactions. Consequently, real estate market transparency becomes the most significant feature for a mature real estate market. This paper aims to use the concept of open data to fulfil the criteria of real estate market transparency. By examining the transparency criteria of real estate markets from several international leading institutes and interviewing the professional practitioners, this paper reveals the gaps between the demand and supply of the real estate industry in Taiwan. The demand framework of open data was surveyed from three major areas of real estate industry: the investment and finance, development and transactions, and space usage and management. Through the interviews from these data users, the results show that, first of all, the real estate industry in Taiwan is in need of a collaborating platform to integrating the already opened non-market data; second, the gap of fundamental market data is wide and needs to be filled in; thirdly, the market performance index and benchmark should be expanded to all major commercial real estate types and locations; and finally, both public and private data holders should bear certain obligation to open their data collected from the general public.

The recently evolving and expanding concept of open data provides some ideal solutions for the information demanding real estate industry. The direct real estate investment market has always been seen as an information incomplete environment. The concepts of open data can effectively fulfil the objectives for promoting innovation, economic growth and development, and enhancing the righteous market device. Real estate industry provides all kinds of space demanded for human activities. However, its unique characteristics of immobility and low transformability making real estate a private market vehicle, and the asymmetrical information between stake parties is arguable in transactions. Consequently, real estate market transparency becomes the most significant feature for a mature real estate market. This paper aims to use the concept of open data to fulfil the criteria of real estate market transparency. By examining the transparency criteria of real estate markets from several international leading institutes and interviewing the professional practitioners, this paper reveals the gaps between the demand and supply of the real estate industry in Taiwan. The demand framework of open data was surveyed from three major areas of real estate industry: the investment and finance, development and transactions, and space usage and management. Through the interviews from these data users, the results show that, first of all, the real estate industry in Taiwan is in need of a collaborating platform to integrating the already opened non-market data; second, the gap of fundamental market data is wide and needs to be filled in; thirdly, the market performance index and benchmark should be expanded to all major commercial real estate types and locations; and finally, both public and private data holders should bear certain obligation to open their data collected from the general public.