《聖經》漢語譯本《箴言》之韻律風格分析

A Linguistic Stylistic Analysis of the Metrics of “Proverbs” in the Mandarin-Translated Bible

本文以語言風格觀點分析民國初期出版之《聖經》漢語譯本《箴言》的韻律風格。現當代的基督教《聖經》漢語翻譯，始於 19 世紀初。民國初年，《聖經》漢語譯本有文言文及白話文譯本出版。這些譯文忠於原意，文辭優美典雅，深受推崇，對當代白話文運動及文學創作有深遠的影響。本文以銘句警語風格的《箴言》主要分析範圍，比較漢語譯本之用韻及韻律結構。文言文譯本將從古典詩律切入分析，用韻講求之頭韻、腰韻、尾韻及詩聯對仗等。更進一步，從韻律音韻學架構分析韻律層級架構，無論是文言或白話文的詩歌體，其中語音、語義、語法、語用等方面訊息都與韻律結構之建構相關，本文分析結果也說明，縱使表面看來，文言、白話譯本之詩律特性有異，上下句語法結構不同，音節數亦有差異，然由於內部韻律層級結構近似，都能呈現詩歌獨有之對仗反覆重沓的韻律音樂特性。 This study mainly focuses on analyzing the linguistic stylistics of the metrics in the Mandarin–translated Bible, especially for the Proverbs. In the early years of 20 century, the three wonderful Mandarin-translated versions of Bible published, including the literary and vernacular versions. There are the different styles of the metrics for the two kinds of versions. For the literary version, there could be found in the Proverbs, the poetic lines with the similar lengths of the poetic lines, especially the neat alliterating and the rhyming. However, for the vernacular version, most of the lines in the Proverbs are with similar length, the alliterating, the rhyming; but with the different syntactic structures. It is proposed here that no matter literary or vernacular, the prosodic structures of them could be parsed according to the prosodic-phonological framework. The parsing rules for footing, the dominations for the feet, the binary constraint, existing in the universal grammar, would be the main ways to parse the prosodic structures for the poetic lines.

This study mainly focuses on analyzing the linguistic stylistics of the metrics in the Mandarin–translated Bible, especially for the Proverbs. In the early years of 20 century, the three wonderful Mandarin-translated versions of Bible published, including the literary and vernacular versions. There are the different styles of the metrics for the two kinds of versions. For the literary version, there could be found in the Proverbs, the poetic lines with the similar lengths of the poetic lines, especially the neat alliterating and the rhyming. However, for the vernacular version, most of the lines in the Proverbs are with similar length, the alliterating, the rhyming; but with the different syntactic structures. It is proposed here that no matter literary or vernacular, the prosodic structures of them could be parsed according to the prosodic-phonological framework. The parsing rules for footing, the dominations for the feet, the binary constraint, existing in the universal grammar, would be the main ways to parse the prosodic structures for the poetic lines.