不在場的同刑者：張達修《綠島家書》中的自我規訓與共同療癒

A Prisoner Away From Prison: The Concepts of Self-Discipline and Mutual Healing as Observed in Zhang Da-xiou's Letters to Green Island

張達修（1906-1983）是戰後台灣著名古典詩人，在2007 年家屬出版其《綠島家書》後，他身為白色恐怖受難家屬的內心糾結逐漸為人所知。張達修《綠島家書》裡收錄他寄到綠島給其子張振騰的書信，預知家書將被檢視的情況下，他在書寫內容上產生「自我規訓」的情況。在書信及所附的詩作中，他為了符合監視者的意識型態，一方面透過父子訓誨的過程表現對監視者的服從，一方面展示自身的人脈與思想。並特意伺應監視者反攻復國的心境，試圖取得監視者的信賴，以保全兒子的人身安全。而張達修與張振騰不只是因家書傳遞而同受規訓的「同刑者」，更是透過家書來進行心靈上的療癒。在家書中傳遞漫長監禁生涯間的家庭變貌與故鄉景物，來營塑心靈共同療癒的氛圍。張達修《綠島家書》中的書信內文與附錄詩作，正顯現受難家屬面對白色恐怖的悲歌，以及在政治冤獄下維繫家庭完整的期望。 Zhang Da-xiou (1906-1983) was a classical poet who rose to fame in Taiwan after World War II. In 2007, his family members published Letters to Green Island, revealing the distress that he had experienced as the father of someone who was subjected to the White Terror. This book comprises letters that Zhang Da-xiou mailed to his son Zhang Zhen-teng on Green Island. Knowing that his letters would be read by prison officers, their content embodied ＂self-discipline,＂ demonstrating his obedience to the prison officers while teaching his son about various matters. In addition, Zhang Da-xiou portrayed personal connections and thoughts that conformed to the ideology of the prison officers. He emphasized his desire to reclaim mainland China in order to ga in the trust of the prison officers so that the safety of his son could be ensured. In effect, Zhang Da-xiou was also a ＂prisoner＂ because of the self-discipline that he had to practice when writing the letters. However, the letters also facilitated spiritual healing. In the letters, family changes and descriptions of hometown scenes during Zhang Zhen-teng's long imprisonment were stated, creating an image that induced spiritual healing. The book illustrates the sorrow of families in the face of the White Terror in addition to the hope that, despite miscarriages of justice, their families would be complete once more.

Zhang Da-xiou (1906-1983) was a classical poet who rose to fame in Taiwan after World War II. In 2007, his family members published Letters to Green Island, revealing the distress that he had experienced as the father of someone who was subjected to the White Terror. This book comprises letters that Zhang Da-xiou mailed to his son Zhang Zhen-teng on Green Island. Knowing that his letters would be read by prison officers, their content embodied ＂self-discipline,＂ demonstrating his obedience to the prison officers while teaching his son about various matters. In addition, Zhang Da-xiou portrayed personal connections and thoughts that conformed to the ideology of the prison officers. He emphasized his desire to reclaim mainland China in order to ga in the trust of the prison officers so that the safety of his son could be ensured. In effect, Zhang Da-xiou was also a ＂prisoner＂ because of the self-discipline that he had to practice when writing the letters. However, the letters also facilitated spiritual healing. In the letters, family changes and descriptions of hometown scenes during Zhang Zhen-teng's long imprisonment were stated, creating an image that induced spiritual healing. The book illustrates the sorrow of families in the face of the White Terror in addition to the hope that, despite miscarriages of justice, their families would be complete once more.