傳承與遞變：新加坡華人廟宇建築裝飾文化之研究－－以十九世紀設立者為例

Research on the architectural culture of Chinese Temples in Singapore: Based on temples established in 19th century

廟宇建築不但是宗教的載體，同時亦為一地地域文化展演的平臺，觀察一地的廟宇建築，往往可以得知該廟宇與該地域的社群互動情形，以及當地社會發展的歷史階段以及文化血緣。建築的裝飾與形式可充分反映出使用者的信仰、民俗、文化與美學思想。新加坡華人多來自中國東南沿海地區，故於其廟宇建築上的裝飾文化，亦為中國東南沿海地區華人廟宇裝飾文化之延伸；新加坡又由於其地理位置之優勢，融合了多元的南洋文化，此亦成為新加坡廟宇建築裝飾美學特色的獨特之處。因此，本研究將以歷史研究與文化史觀的觀察角度，集中探討十九世紀時，新加坡所創建之華人廟宇，其建築裝飾文化中所載負之中國傳統裝飾美學，與其自行演繹出的建築裝飾形式，以及其與南洋文化交互影響下所創生之獨特裝飾文化。希望藉由本文的研究，能夠對於中國傳統廟宇建築裝飾文化在新加坡的流布，與新加坡融合南洋特色的獨特之廟宇建築裝飾文化，做出深入的探討，並提出個人的研究心得以就教方家。 English people occupied Singapore in 1819. In order to speed the development of the colony, the colonial authorities drew a great amount of immigrants from all parts of world, including the people came from the southeast China. Temples are the main concentration of religion and always be the comfort of spirit, especially for those overseas Chinese. They established their temples in different decorative features basing on their different religions, nationalities, and lineages. Architectures will reflect the owners’ faith, folklore, culture and aesthetics by its decorations and style. The overseas Chinese of Singapore mostly came from southeast China, therefore, the decoration of the temples as well be the extension of their decorative culture from southeast China. Meanwhile, as Singapore has the advantageous position of geography, it also makes Singapore to be the significant place containing multiple cultures of Southeast Asia. Hence, this thesis will focus on the multiple architectural decorations on those temples in Singapore, especially on the temples established in 19th century. The research will explore their decorative aesthetics, culture and philosophy on the temples, and trying to present a detailed, remarkable result. I sincerely hope the thesis will contribute meaningfully to research on the decorative culture of Southeast Asia and Singapore."