我國婚姻法上“分居”概念之證成

Justification on the Concept of Spousal Separation in Family Law

“分居”語詞的內涵存在語義學意義上與法學意義上的區分。我國婚姻法上的“分居”是指夫妻在婚姻關係出現破綻時，依法經法律認可的方式在一定期間內中止同居義務，夫妻關係及親權相應變更，但不解消婚姻關係的法律制度。從其含義看，“分居”具有主體意志性、義務當為性、程序法定性及實效雙重性等基本特徵。在婚姻法域，分居關係作為夫妻之間於特定階段發生的特殊身份法律關係，在構成要素上存在著靜態與動態的界分。靜態意義的分居關係涵蓋主體要素、主觀要素、客體要素及客觀要素等四個層面，動態意義的分居關係則由分居法律關係的變動根據及其變動效果構成。

The word 'separation' shal1 be distinguished between the semantic significance and jurisprudence. The separation in family law refers to the legal system which the spouse suspend the obligation of cohabitation, change the spousal relationship and parenthood, not dissolute marriage, when the spousal relationship breaks down. From the perspective of its concept, the separation the separation shall have four basic characteristics which are the will of the body, the obligations to be fulfilled, the procedures to accord with the law, and the dual nature of the legal effect in family law. On the constituent elements of separation, there shall be constituted of static and dynamic constitution, the static constitution includes the main elements, the subjective element, object element, objective factors and so on. The dynamic constitution includes reasons for changes of separation relationship, and the changes in the results and so on.