刑事案件中的積極辯護事由及其司法證明－－“于歡案”的證據法視角

Judicial Proof of Affirmative Defense in Criminal Cases: Evidence-law Perspective of 'Yu Huan' Case

我國立法中雖然沒有出現“積極辯護事由”這個術語，實踐中卻存在類似的做法。關於這類辯護事由的司法證明如何展開，理論界爭議很大，實務活動各式各樣，沒有統一標準。正視這一問題，結合我國的法治傳統與司法環境，借鑒域外有利因素，將我國積極辯護事由的司法證明朝向既有利於控辯雙方推進訴訟進程又有利於案件事實真相發現的方向發展，符合我國職權主義訴訟模式中引入當事人主義合理要素的改革趨勢。

Although there is no such term as 'Affirmative Defense' in China's legislation, there are very similar defenses in our judicial practice. How the judicial proof of such defenses works is a great theoretical controversy in China, so in practice the judicial proof of such defenses has no uniform standard. Facing this problem, it becomes very important to combine China's legislation backgrounds and legal traditions, using advantageous legal points in foreign countries for reference, steering the judicial proof of Affirmative Defense to advancing the litigation progress by both sides as well as to revealing the truth, which is consistent with the reform in China that introduces the rational elements of adversary system to inquisitorial system.