總體國家安全觀視角下的預防性反恐研究 ——以十九大報告為切入點

The Research on Preventive Counter-terrorism under the Perspective of the Holistic Approach to National Security: Taking the Report of the 19th CPC National Congress as the Starting Point

十九大報告將反恐納入國家安全戰略，提出堅持總體國家安全觀，統籌傳統安全和非傳統安全，嚴密防範和堅決打擊各種暴力恐怖活動，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。預防性反恐是反恐工作中的重要一環，有著強烈的內生需求和外在壓力，需要總體國家安全觀提供方向指引和技術管控。具體而言，總體國家安全觀以人民安全為宗旨，堅守人權保障底線。明確不法意志的有無是預防性反恐罪與非罪的質變節點，清晰不法意志的大小是刑罰輕重的設置標準，透視距離不法意志的遠近是非罪措施強弱適用的依據，具有導引反恐進路、框定反恐條件的積極作用。立足總體國家安全觀，預防性反恐的制度建構需以不法意志為核心，合理限定預防性反恐的刑法邊界，均衡調適預防性反恐的銜接機制，科學設置預防性反恐的程序內涵。

The report of the 19th CPC National Congress on the integration of counter-terrorism into nation­al security strategy, pursuing a holistic approach to national security, as a whole to traditional security and non- traditional security, prevent and resolutely combat all kinds of violent terrorist activities closely, against all forms of terrorism. Preventive counter-terrorism is an important part of counter-terrorism work, with strong in­ternal demand and external pressure, which needs the holistic approach to national security to provide direction guidance and technical control. Specifically, the holistic approach to national security is for the purpose of peo­ple ’ s safety, while sticking to the bottom line of human rights, clarifying that the formation of the illegal will is the transformation node of the crime and innocence, that the severity of the illegal will is the standard for the punishment in criminal law, and that the distance from the illegal will is the basis of the choice of the specific innocence measures. The holistic approach to national security has guided the direction of counter-terrorism, indicating the positive role of counter-terrorism conditions. On the basis of the holistic approach to national se­curity ,preventive counter-terrorism system shall be based on illegal will as the core, the reasonable limited preventive counter-terrorism boundaries of the criminal law, the balanced adjustment of cohesive devices, while establishing the prevention of counter-terrorism in procedural law.