齒顎矯正對上呼吸道的影響系列之二：2D影像與3D影像之間在呼吸道評估上之相關性

The Second Series of 'Orthodontic Treatment's Influence over Upper Airway': The Correlations among 2D and 3D Methods in Airway Evaluation

從傳統的2D影像技術到3D影像的發展約略經過了七十年。受限於影像技術，過往是以傳統測顱X 光影像來測量呼吸道的改變，只能以平面上呼吸道線性量測項目的改變來評估立體空間呼吸道的改變量。而自1990年代3D影像發展後，近十年CBCT發展漸趨穩定，初期研究上大多針對睡眠呼吸中止症的病人去評估治療前後其呼吸道的改變，而近幾年來以3D電腦模擬影像重組來研究矯正病人的呼吸道變化研究也越來越多。本篇以文獻回顧方式討論2D與3D影像在呼吸道評估上之關連性。

It has been more than seven decades that traditional two-dimensional (2D) image develops into threedimensional (3D) image. Due to the limited technology, 2D lateral cephalograms are traditionally used for airway assessment; however; the problem with cephalometry is that the 3D airway change can only be measured by linear measurement. Since 1990s, the development of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has offered more information for orthodontists, which is considered to be a diagnostic tool and initially served as the radiographic standard for airway assessment for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Over the years, more studies on 3D reconstruction in airway assessment have been published. This article makes some literary reviews and discusses the correlation between 2D and 3D methods.