「親密關係經濟暴力量表」之發展

Development of the Intimate Partner Economic Violence (IPEV) scale

親密關係經濟暴力是施暴者控制伴侶的重要方法之一，對被害人身心帶來嚴重的負面影響；但由於經濟暴力內涵隱晦不明，不易辨識與察覺，長期被各界所忽略，而學術社群亦缺乏相關探討。本研究旨在瞭解親密關係暴力被害人遭遇經濟暴力的經驗，並試圖建構親密關係經濟暴力的測量工具。本研究以曾遭受親密關係暴力之婦女為對象，採問卷調查方式蒐集相關資料，樣本為來自11個縣市、共379位親密關係暴力女性被害人。透過文獻檢視與專家訪談初步形成的量表內容，以探索性因素分析，最後形成20題的「親密關係經濟暴力量表」（IPEV），且將經濟暴力行為歸類為四個類型：經濟剝奪、經濟控制、阻止工作、以及財務獨斷，此四因素可解釋整體變異量之65.92%，而有關量表之內部一致性與建構效度檢驗亦表現良好。本研究為我國第一份針對親密關係經濟暴力議題所進行的量化調查研究，對於了解親密關係經濟暴力現象提供重要的實證資料，提出之測量工具可作為相關研究的測量參考，並提供實務工作者運用。

Economic violence is part of the pattern of behaviors used by batterers to maintain power and to control over their partners. Intimate partner economic violence brings a variety of negative impacts on victims. However, the issue of economic violence has been ignored for a long time. Limited measures and studies are available to accurately understand the prevalence of economic abuse in the lives of survivors in Taiwan. This study describes the development of the Intimate Partner Economic Violence Scale（IPEV）, which was designed to fill the research gap. Surveys were conducted with 379 survivors of domestic abuse, each of whom responded to measures of economic, physical, and psychological abuse as well as economic autonomy. Results show that the reliability and validity of the scale of IPEV were adequate. The IPEV contains 4 factors: economic exploitation, economic control, employment sabotage, and financial arbitrariness. These four factors explain 65.92% variance. This study is an important first step toward understanding the extent and impact of economic violence experienced by survivors in Taiwan. The IPEV is the first scale to measure the intimate partner economic violence which could be benefits for victims and advocates to clarify the violent situations and as the base for service assessments.