決定台灣私人教導支出的影響因素──父母時間與金錢投入關係

THE DETERMINANTS OF PRIVATE TUTORING SPENDING IN TAIWAN: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTS’ HANDS-ON TUTORING AND SPENDING

本文採用「華人家庭動態資料庫」實證檢測各種家庭因素對於子女私人教導支出的影響，並探討私人教導金錢支出與親力親為的身教究竟為相輔相成，抑或以金錢取代時間的替代關係。實證結果發現家長教育成就與所處世代、在都市居住或在公部門工作將顯著影響對子女的私人教導支出；同時發現父母花費私人教導支出與投入教導時間兩者間呈互補而非替代關係。考慮投入教導時間的內生性並採工具變數法估計後，平均而言每週多增加一小時的親自私人教導，一年將增加私人教導支出約5,400元。

Using Taiwan’s data from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD), this paper empirically tests a variety of family factors on children’s private tutoring expenditure, and further explores the relationship between private tutoring spending and parents’ hands-on tutoring. Empirical results show that parents’ educational achievements, parents’ cohort, and living in the city or working in the public sector will significantly affect their spending on children’s private tutoring; we also found that private tutoring spending and parents’ hands-on tutoring are complements rather than substitutes. Considering the possible endogeneity property of private tutoring spending, we use the instrumental variables method for estimation, and the results show that on average a one hour per week increase in parents’ hands-on tutoring will increase private tutoring spending by about NT$5,400.