科技博物館策展研究：科技詮釋與展示概念的形成

Science and Technology Museum Exhibition Planning: Interpretation of Technology and Formation of Exhibition Concepts

本研究以國立科學工藝博物館（以下簡稱科工館）6位資深策展者作為研究對象，透過質性研究之深度訪談及相關文件蒐集，以了解科技展示概念的發展歷程以及策展者背景經歷對科技詮釋的差異。資料處理係以主題分析法（thematic analysis）的原則進行，遵循詮釋循環的核心概念，透過「整體──部分── 整體」的過程來回檢視研究資料，藉以提高研究結果的可信性與嚴謹度。本研究之結論如下：一、策展者展示概念發展歷程可分為資料收集與詮釋、方向奠定、展示概念架構等三個階段，各階段皆具有影響因素及特徵。二、策展者對科技的理解會依其背景經歷不同而有差別，具科教背景經歷者理解的科技層次相對較高；具設計背景經歷者理解的科技層面相對較廣。三、策展者科技詮釋與展示概念發展之間存在三種交互作用：對科技認知層次較高者，在內容取捨上較注重與觀眾的互動，認知層面較寬者，在概念架構鋪陳上較為多元；策展者的背景經歷，會反應在內容取捨轉化（資料收集與詮釋階段）或重要關鍵（展示概念架構階段）上；策展者對科技的關注重點在於人、科技、物件，其概念發展的對應會重視價值性、教育性、合理性。經由策展者之科技詮釋與展示概念形成的了解，對於科技博物館策展實務而言具有重要參考價值。

Through in-depth interviews of senior exhibit developers from the National Science and Technology Museum and related documents, this study explored the development of science and technology exhibition concepts and the differences among the developers in their interpretation of technology. By using the principle of thematic analysis, followed the core concept of hermeneutic circle, research data were reviewed repeatedly through the “whole-part-whole” process in order to enhance the reliability and accuracy of study results. This study had the following conclusions: 1. The development of developers' exhibition concepts consisted of three stages: data collection and interpretation, direction setting and exhibition concept formation. Each stage had its own influential factors and features. 2. Exhibit developers' understanding of science and technology may vary with their backgrounds and prior experiences. Developers with a background in technology education had a relatively high level of understanding of science and technology; those with a design background perceived science and technology with a wide range of understanding. 3. Three types of interplay existed between exhibit developers' interpretation of technology and the development of exhibition concepts. Developers with a high level of understanding of science and technology focused more on interaction with audience when selecting the content. Those who understood a wide range of science and technology tended to develop a more diversified concept framework. The backgrounds and experiences of exhibit developers may have an effect on their data collection and interpretation or the formation of exhibition concepts. Exhibit developers studied science and technology by focusing on people, technology and objects; therefore, their corresponding concepts of development were value, education and rationality respectively. The interpretation of technology and understanding of the formation of exhibition concepts by exhibit developers are important and valuable references for the practice of science and technology exhibitions.