大學生參與博物館科技競賽的參賽動機之研究

Exploring College Students' Motivation for Attending Creative Design Competition Held by Science Museums

本研究以參加茂迪盃太陽能光電應用設計創意競賽的學生為研究對象，探討大學生參與科學博物館與綠能科技公司合作辦理之科技創作競賽的參賽動機。研究者於競賽活動初期舉辦之北、中、南三區參賽說明會時進行問卷調查，共發出338份問卷，回收有效問卷313份，有效問卷回收率為92.6%。動機問卷包含「學習動機」、「親和動機」和「成就動機」等三類，藉以分析參賽者參與科技創意競賽時的主要動機類型，並從背景變項分析參賽動機的差異，研究結果發現：一、參賽者的動機類型中以「親和動機」最低，「學習動機」及「成就動機」均顯著高於「親和動機」。二、大一學生在「學習動機」類顯著高於研究所的學生，其中在「學習創作歷程」及「競賽中獲得新知」等兩個題項上具有顯著差異。三、具隊長身份的參賽者在成就動機類型中對「相信自己在競賽中會有傑出表現」及「有強烈獲獎企圖」的兩個題項上，均顯著高於屬隊員身份的參賽者。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the participants' motivation in 2011 MOTECH Award - Creative Design Competition Using Solar Cell. The quantitative approach was applied to collect research data. The questionnaire was based on three phases of motive models, which were “learning motivation”, “affiliation motivation” and “achievement motivation”. The major findings of this study were: 1. The motivations of learning and achievement were prior for the participants to join this competition; the motivation of affiliation was the least. 2. Analyzing by participants' grades, there was significant difference on motivation of learning, especially in regard to the proposal making and knowledge attainment. 3. On the motivation of the achievement, the leader of the group had significant difference in the faith of success and of being rewarded.