工業化都會區環境保護教材開發研究

工業化與都會化為台灣帶來了耀人的經濟成績，然而臺灣各地區隨著工業化程度及人口密集度的昇高，由於未落實環境影響評估、污染防治等措施，而引發了相當巖重的環境問題，對於大眾的生活影響至鉅。為此本館特別針對南部地區重要工業與都會發展情況，研究、調查其引發之環保問題及對環保所作的努力，並發展適合中小學生參觀及教學可運用的環保教材，以利於中小學安排各項教學活動時運用。同時辦理研習活動，安排中小學教師參觀高雄地區重要工業區，並示範本計畫研發之環保教材，提升中小學教師對環境教育的認知與關心，使其能將環境保護的觀念，融入日後的教學活動中。同時安排環保教材開發研習課程，使中小學教師具備環保教材開發的觀念與能力，落實鄉土環保教材的開發，並鼓勵教師將環保概念融入各科教材設計之中。本研究配合大高雄區域特色，由研究人員以水為主題，研發整理出六份室內活動教案，另外由參與研習之五十位中小學教師，在專家學者之指導下，以大高雄地區環保相關工業為主題，發展出九項活動教案。經參與研習會教師的熱烈討論後，完成修正彙整工作，並邀請專家開會審議，共計完成四份參觀活動教案與兩份室內活動教案，總計本研究共發展十二份活動教材。而為使日後教材之推廣順暢，以及考量中小學教師的使用便利性，各項教材內容皆相當詳盡，除活動內容本身之外，並將相關配合資料列於參考資料部份，省掉使用者資料蒐集的困擾。文中並提出中區污水處理場與南區資源回收中心之參觀活動教材的重點為例，提供大家參考。

Industrialization and urbanization have been a significant part of Taiwan's spectacular economic growth over the past few decades. With the spread of industrialization and high concentrations of population into every part of the island, however, some very serious environmental problems have arisen because not enough attention has been paid to the prevention and treatment of pollution. This in turn has severe effects on living conditions for the people in these areas. The National Science and Technology Museum has developed a special project of research and surveys of the major industrial areas of southern Taiwan, focusing on the effects of industrial development on the environment in these regions and what efforts are being made to handle them. The project also provides materials for primary and secondary school teachers to use in teaching about environmental awareness and in developing field trips for students. We have also made arrangements for teachers to visit major industrial sites in and around Kaohsiung, and we have developed model plans for environmental teaching materials that will help to make teachers more aware of current conditions and informed on environmental concepts. This knowledge can then be incorporated into their teaching curricula in the future. In addition, we have held classes concerning research and development in the field of environmental studies to give teachers better capability in planning and carrying out lesson plans in the future. They will also be better prepared to develop educational materials on environmental protection in rural areas and more willing to incorporate environ­mental concepts into lessons in other courses. This project is well suited to the Kaohsiung area, as museum researchers began by focusing on water resources around the region to develop six in-doors educational materials. They then put together nine field trips for the 50 teachers involved in the project with experts in environmental science servings as guides. Following this the teachers worked with the experts to develop plans for four field trips and two more indoors educational materials to make up a package of twelve educational courses with the original six materials. We have made the contents of these materials as detailed and complete as possible so that it will be easy for teachers to develop and implement them in the future. Each segment includes a full outline for the materials as well as additional related information so that people who utilize these materials will not have to spend a great deal of time preparing and gathering data for the lesson. We have included a sample of teaching materials for a lesson based on a field trip to a water treatment plant in central region of Kaohsiung as well as a recycling center in the south.