靜態平衡是影響高中男子跆拳道選手慣用腳旋踢反應時間的主要因子

Static balance and dexterity aredeterminants of roundhouse kicking reaction time of male adolescent taekwondo athletes

本研究目的在比較高中男子跆拳道選手雙腳中端旋踢反應時間，並分析不同身體和體能因子對於旋踢反應時間的影響。研究參與者為34位青少年男子跆拳道選手，每位選手除了接受慣用腳踢擊反應時間的測量外，也一併進行身高、體重、腿長、體脂率、骨骼肌肌肉率、柔軟度、爆發力、敏捷、靜態平衡等測量。雙腳的數據以成對樣本T檢定比較其差異，各因子與旋踢反應時間的關聯則以皮爾森積差進行相關分析，預測因子的解釋力則以逐步迴歸方法進行。研究結果顯示選手非慣用腳旋踢反應時間顯著優於慣用腳，但是雙腳腿長、靜態平衡和動態平衡差異不顯著。相關分析顯示慣用腳中端旋踢反應時間只和非慣用腳靜態平衡顯著相關，r= .481。非慣用腳中端旋踢反應時間則和六角敏捷秒數與非慣用腳靜態平衡相關顯著，r = .374、.362。逐步回歸結果顯示非慣用腳靜態平衡可解釋慣用腳旋踢23.1%的變異量，六角敏捷可解釋非慣用腳旋踢14.0%的變異量。根據本研究結果，敏捷較快、站姿平衡越穩是影響高中男子跆拳道選手踢擊反應時間的重要因子，加強敏捷與平衡的訓練可能有助旋踢速度的提升。

This study aimed to compare the roundhouse kickingreaction time (KRT)between legs of male high school taekwondo athletes.Correlations of the KRT with physical and fitness factors were also examined.34 male high school taekwondo athletes were recruited to join this study. Each was subjected to the measurement of roundhouse kicking reaction time, and a battery of fitness tests consisted of vertical jump, sit-and-reach, hexagon agility test, and static balance. The data were analyzed by paired T test, Pearson product-moment correlation and stepwise regression.Thesignificant level was set at 0.05. The results showed the non-dominant (ND) leg executed faster reaction time than the dominant (D) leg, however, length, static balance and dynamic balance were not different between legs. The KRT of dominant leg was significantly correlated with the static balance of the non-dominant leg, while the KRT of ND leg was significantly correlated with the hexagon test and static balance. Stepwise regression analysis showed that 23.1% of the variance of the KRT of the D leg can be explained by static balance, and 14% of the variance of the KRT of the ND leg can be explained by hexagon test.It is concluded that better static balance and dexterity were two factors that affect the roundhouse KRT. Training consisted of dexterity and single leg stability may improve the roundhouse KRT of taekwondo athletes.