許繼祥與中國海政事務之經營（1921-1927）

Xu Ji-Xiang and Administration of Chinese Territorial Waters Affairs, 1921-1927

本文從考察海軍將領許繼祥的個人經歷入手，以檔案管理局所藏《國防部史政編譯局檔案》與海軍出版相關報刊為主要史料，探究許氏在中國海政的建樹及其影響。本文發現，許繼祥是海道測量局與海岸巡防處的創建者，該局負責測製海圖，該處則是執掌巡防、測報氣象與救護海難。許繼祥同時也是這兩個機關的第一任首長，在其主政期間，建立了海政概念，並建設東沙氣象臺與燈塔，提供航海保安，以行使領海管轄事務，宣示中國南海主權。許氏的作為，促使海軍擁有海政觀念，而他創辦的兩個海軍機關，增進了中國人民海上安全。此外，許氏在東沙設置氣象臺與燈塔，履行領海內航海保安義務，彰顯主權的做法，自1920年代開始，成為中國宣示南海主權的方法之一。

Xu Ji-Xiang（許繼祥）, who was naval general of the Republic of China, this article focuses on Xu's experiences, contribution and influence, regarding Chinese territorial waters affairs （Hai Zhen, 海政）. This article utilizes the R.O.C Army Archivescollected in the National Archives Administration and publication of the Republic of ChinaNavy. Xu Ji-Xiang was the founder of the Hydrographic Department of the Chinese Navy （海道測量局）and Coast Guard Administration （海岸巡防處）, he was also the first headman of these two agencies. During Xu's term of service, he proposed the idea of Chinese territorial waters affairs, built meteorological station and lighthouse on Dongsha island（東沙島）, in order to declare Chinese sovereignty over the islands of the South China Sea. Xu's doings caused three influences.First, Republic of China Navy had the concept ofterritorial waters affairs.Second, the two naval agencies which were founded by Xu,ensured marine safety of Chinese people. The last one was Xu’s doings became one of the ways that the Republic of China claimed the sovereignty over the islands of the South China Sea.