自閉症類群障礙症的自殺傾向探討

Suicidal Tendency in Autism Spectrum Disorder

目的：本研究透過文獻回顧探討自閉類群障礙症（Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD）的自殺傾向及危險因子。方法：搜尋關鍵字為ASD/Asperger 與suicidal/suicide的英文文獻，找出符合研究條件的十三篇臨床研究以及三篇個案報告。結果：自殺傾向在ASD 個案當中的發生比例高於一般人（兒童ASD 個案的自殺傾向是一般兒童的28 倍，整體而言ASD 個案的自殺意念發生是一般人的9 倍）；ASD 個案身上的自殺危險因子包括精神疾病共病、生活嫌惡事件、較少接觸心理照護系統、致命性更高的自殺方式等。結論：本研究針對ASD 個案自殺危險性及自殺危險因子的歸納及討論，提供未來相關研究的進一步方向。

Purpose: This study aims to review articles for suicidal tendency and suicide risk factorsof patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods: A literature search found 13clinical researches and 3 case reports eligibly. Results: Suicidal tendency was highamong ASD patients (28 times among ASD children than normal children, and 9 timesamong ASD clients than general people, respectively). Suicide risk factors of ASDclients were comorbidity of psychiatry disorders and aversive life experience.Meanwhile, ASD clients had lesser connection with mental health care system and usingmore fatal suicidal methods. Conclusion: This study focus on systemic review anddiscussion about the suicidal tendency and suicide risk factors of patients with ASD.The result provides further perspectives for future research on suicidal risks of ASDpatients.