臺灣戲劇與現代主義：馬森的實踐

Taiwan Modern Drama and Western Modernism: The Case of Ma Sen

本文從三個面向討論臺灣現代戲劇與西方現代主義的關係，並以馬森的戲劇實驗為例，說明西方戲劇理論，尤其荒謬劇場，被傳播到非西方世界時產生的改變。第一部分援引薩伊德、米樂和史書美的觀點，討論理論旅行所涉及的議題。第二部分討論臺灣接納與改造西方現代主義的現象。第三部分分析馬森與荒謬劇場的複雜關係。馬森深受荒謬劇場影響，他的劇作在形式上和荒謬劇有很多神似之處。然而，馬森之於認同的困惑，之於國家命運的憂心，在在使他的戲劇世界迥異於荒謬劇場或存在主義。他改造了荒謬劇場，也為臺灣現代戲劇增添風貌。

The paper discusses the relations of Taiwan modern drama to Western modernism, using Ma Sen’s dramatic experiments as an example. Part one deals with important issues concerning, in Edward Said’s term, ‘traveling theory.’ Part two examines Taiwan’s appropriation of Western modernism during the 1960s. Part three analyzes Ma Sen’s plays to illustrate the complicated relations between the playwright and the Absurdist school. In his plays, Ma Sen employs the forms and conventions of the Theatre of the Absurd to deal with his tragic vision concerning identity crisis and the fate of China. In so doing, he performed a productive distortion of the borrowed form.