敘事分析方法：由Labov敘事結構與隱喻故事取徑

Narrative Analysis: The Method Combined of Labov's Narrative Structure and Metaphorical Stories

敘事研究已被廣泛地運用在不同領域的研究中，然至今其文本分析方法仍面臨著模糊、難以找到掌握文本意義的具體方法之窘境。法國哲學家Ricoeur主張理解人之存在應透過語義學分析、反思、存有學理解之迂迴路徑。本文立基於Ricoeur的觀點，採用Labov敘事結構分析作為語義學層次的結構化解析方法，運用隱喻故事輔助反思層次的統整與洞察，讓敘事分析歷程有了更明確可依循的意義掌握方法。這個方法的主要功能在幫助研究者跳脫個人主觀的侷限，如實貼近敘說者透過文本所呈現出來的意義，此外，研究者亦可佐以本文所建議之其他研究操作策略，藉以提升敘事分析結果的品質。

Contemporary narrative research has been widely used in different domains of research, but the vagueness of the text analysis imposes challenges for the researchers to grasp the precise meaning of the text. French philosopher Ricoeur advocates that the understanding of human existence should take the detour path from semantics and reflection to an existing level. In this study a method has been developed to display a clearer narrative analysis process and strategies to grasp the meaning of the text. The method is founded on Ricoeur's view with a combination of Labov's narrative structure analysis as the semantics-analytical method and metaphorical stories as the meaning-reflection method. The main function of this method is to help researchers get rid of the limitations of personal subjectivity, approximating the meaning of the narrative through text. Besides, researchers can also combine with other operation strategies proposed in this study to enhance the quality of the narrative analysis results.