展演民俗、重塑主體與新劇本土化──1943年《閹雞》舞台演出分析

Staging Folk Customs, Reshaping Subjectivityand Localizing Shingeki :An Analysis of The Capon Staged in 1943

本論文通過重新檢視1943年厚生演劇研究會留存的圖文資料，分析《閹雞》劇本的改編特色、重建演出文本之梗概，指出編導林摶秋對小說原著採取通俗化的改編策略，使之成為一齣主題思想淺顯易懂又兼具社會反省的人情悲喜劇。戲劇檢討台灣漢人的民族性，同時藉由舞台視、聽覺元素再現民俗、祭儀的場景，重新創造屬於漢民族文化的價值與自我認同。而以「民俗」入戲，尚獲得場所意涵的支持，永樂座戲院所在地大稻埕的民俗氛圍，也強化了演出效果。整體而言，在帝國空間重塑的「大東亞共榮圈」背景下，厚生不僅繼承1930年代現實主義文藝路線與文化民族主義，《閹雞》劇中採用大量民族音樂與民謠，可視為對新劇運動提出一個具體可行的美學方案，而具有重塑台灣人主體與新劇本土化的指標性意義。

This essay analyzes the adaptation of the play The Capon and reconstructs its performancetext after reexamining its historical materials left by Kosei Theatre Society.This essay points out that Lin Tuan-qiu, the director and playwright of The Capon,adapted the original novel for the stage with a strategy of popularization and made it atragicomedy with both a plain theme and an undertone reflecting social issues. Besidesexamining the national characters of the Taiwanese people, The Capon employed visualand audio elements to represent Han rituals and customs on stage, aiming to re-createthe self-identification and self-esteem of the Han culture. Furthermore, the performanceof The Capon in 1943 gained environmental support to reinforce its theatrical effects onstage. Kosei Theatre society chose to stage The Capon in Eraku-za, a theatre house locatedin Dadaocheng, an area abundant with traditional cultural implications. In short,against the backdrop of “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” under Japanese rule,The Capon inherited the line of artistic realism and cultural nationalism in the 1930s,and its considerable usage of folk music and ballads could be seen as having offered anaesthetic solution for the Shingeki (New Drama) Movement, signifying the reshaping ofTaiwanese subjectivity and the localization of Shingeki.