打開台灣文學的耳朵──五○、六○年代的廣播小說及其文學文化網絡

In Search of an Audible Literature: Taiwan Radio Novel and Its Literary Contexts in the 1950s and 1960s

現今讀者似乎以為文學的跨媒介演繹是當代才盛行的美學實踐，殊不知其實早在一九五○年代的台灣，文學已在廣播領域攻城掠地，大有斬獲。回顧二十世紀中期的台灣，文學作品一方面在書肆以紙本出版品爭取讀者，一方面也靠著廣播電台的播送來吸引聽眾，然而，實質聲音資料的散佚及文學史述規格上的盲見，堙沒了這一份聽覺的文學傳統。本文第一階段的目的是要體認並超越聲音稍縱即逝所造成的物質性困境，迂迴地從散落四處的文獻裡重建小說廣播節目的發展史和形式流變，而後方能考察過去鮮為學界關注的、以廣播小說為核心的文學文化生態—包括相關的作品和文學類型、隱含的市場因素與政治動機、以及作家對廣播工作的參與等面向。繼而，藉著廣播文學的史料，本文論證五○、六○年代有不少文學現象與震天價響的反共聲浪關聯較小，相較起來反而更受非官方的文藝美學、市場律則所導引。總之，本文嘗試關注那些足以影響文學生產卻鮮少被提及的物質結構—也就是當時鋪天蓋地的廣播聲音和聽覺文化，以期能為相關的討論提供更多背景脈絡，並據此向既有的文學史認識提出一些省思和商榷。

Adapting literary works into non-literal forms has been regarded as a recent development.In fact, however, Taiwan literature already extended its artistic boundary toradio sounds early in the 1950s. Unfortunately, the auditory aspect of literature has longbeen overlooked due to the lack of recording archives and the misassumptions of typicalliterary history. Despite the ephemeralness of sounds, this paper builds a brief developmentalhistory of the leading radio programs of literature ─ Hsiao Shuo Hsuan Po(radio broadcast of selected novels), from scattered and fragmentary documents. Basedon the overview of the programs, this paper uncovers the literary and cultural contextsaround the radio novel by examining the interactions among broadcasting, reading, andpublishing of literary works. Not turning a deaf ear to the interrelationship between literatureand radio, this paper infers that non-governmental literary aesthetics and marketlaw play influential roles in the shaping of literature during the 1950s and 1960s Taiwan.In summary, this paper shifts focus to the overwhelming radio sounds and auditoryculture, provides more background information on this rising field, and re-evaluatessome common statements from current versions of Taiwan literary history.