析論七○年代末台灣日語文學的翻譯與出版活動

An Analysis for the translation and publication of Japanese literature in Taiwan of the late 1970s

七○年代末鄉土文學論戰後，為因應台灣社會外部的轉變與讀書市場閱讀之需，台灣日語文學的譯介和傳播相形活絡。本文主要聚焦於台灣日語作家的作品於戰後出版市場中如何被翻譯出版，且又引發怎樣的文學論爭。七○年代末以鍾肇政為首的譯者群在他主編的《民眾日報》副刊（1978.09-1980.02），及其它報紙副刊上刊載他們的文學翻譯作品。他為了延續文化這波影響力，更積極地尋找出版作家全集的管道，幾經挫折最後方由遠景出版社出版「光復前台灣文學全集」，在戰後台灣文化場域中傳播戰前台灣新文學的成就。本論文主要藉由鍾肇政等人的書信集、訪談內容，重新拼貼出當時他們如何利用副刊版面和主流報界的人脈關係轉介譯作，讓「譯／異」聲在戒嚴時期文化場域邊緣有其發表的管道，讓戰後中文讀者重新「發現台灣」。但戰爭末期的譯作發表後，竟引發「皇民文學」等問題的討論。然，台灣社會也藉此機會重新認識台灣殖民經驗的光與影。總之，本文透過釐清七○年代末台灣殖民地經驗的文學轉譯與傳播和出版活動之文化生產現象，說明這一波翻譯出版活動，在台灣文化翻譯發展史上的特殊性與歷史價值。

After the Native Literature Debates in the late 1970’s, the introduction, translation,and circulation of literary works written in Japanese by Taiwanese authors becamerelatively active in Taiwan, primarily as a response to the change of the Taiwanesesociety and the development of the reading market. This paper focuses on questionsabout how the Japanese literary works written by Taiwanese writers got published inthe post-war Taiwan, and how this caused debates and controversies. Starting from thelate 1970’s, a group of translators, led by Zhong Zao-zheng, actively translated and publishedliterary works written in Japanese by Taiwanese authors in the literature sectionsof different newspapers, particularly noticeable being the People’s Daily, of which Zhongwas the chief editor. To extend the impact of this trend, Zhong looked for appropriatevenues for publishing writers’ complete works. Despite the difficulties, he managed tohave Yuanjing Publication published “The Complete Collection of Pre-war TaiwaneseLiterature”, which is a remarkable event as it made known the achievements of the NewTaiwanese Literature of the pre-war time in the post-war Taiwanese society.This paper examines the letters and interviews of Zhong and other personnel toreconstruct the scene at the time when they used literature sections of newspapers andnetworks in the main stream newspapers to publish their translations, and to make adifferent voice in the then highly restrictive social situation under the martial law. Thesetranslated works published at the time near the end of the war, however, triggered hot debates on so-called “imperial literature”; this nonetheless provided an opportunity forreaders to once again approach facts and realities about the colonial governance that theTaiwanese society had experienced. In summary, this paper looks at the cultural andcommercial activities about translation, circulation, and publication of literary worksbearing on the colonial experience, and examines the value and historical position ofthese activities in the translation history of Taiwan culture.